Abstract
In pursuit of manufacturing of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in good yield at lower temperatures, a mixture of d-block elements such as Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt was expected to be advantageous because of the high yield and low temperature (at 220 - 250° C) synthesis. The physical state and aggregation of these catalyst particles in the reaction medium have been found to play an interesting role in obtaining CNTs at better yield. Carbon nanotubes have been successfully produced by an uncomplicated two-step solvothermal method between sodium and dichlorobenzene via Ni/Fe/Co as catalyst precursor. The dependence of yield of CNTs on the catalyst system was determined via different ratios of catalysts and at various other experimental conditions such as different heating temperatures, different durations of heating. The X-ray powder diffraction study has indicated the graphite kind of the products. Microscopic characterizations (SEM and TEM) implied us the diameters of carbon nanotubes are 10-14 nm. Raman spectroscopy shows the presence of graphitized carbon in carbon nanotubes. Significant influence by the heating temperature and heating duration has been observed on the product yield.
Highlights
A rigorous investigation has been aroused worldwide in the production of Carbon nanotube after their discovery by S
The powder XRD study was employed since it is an important tool for the structural studies of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
The given XRD pattern (Figure 1) of as-produced carbon nanotubes shows the purity of the product after the removal of the catalysts by post-treatment
Summary
A rigorous investigation has been aroused worldwide in the production of Carbon nanotube after their discovery by S. Z.F. Ren and researchers manufactured carbon nanotubes using the source polyoxyethylene (4) ether without any catalyst at 310 °C but a very less yield of about 20 % is reported [27]. We convey a simple solvothermal method for the manufacturing of MWCNTs at 220 – 250 °C using Fe/Co/Ni as catalyst and dichlorobenzene is used as a carbon source. The carbon nanotubes were obtained by a low-temperature solvothermal method. This methodology for the manufacturing of MWNTs would appear to be uncomplicated and cost-effective. We are reporting that, the catalytic performance of various transition metal mixtures in the production of CNTs by the solvothermal method. The electrochemical hydrogen storage studies were performed via an EG and G Potentiostat-Galvanostat mAutolab with PGSTAT30 instrument with GPES software
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