Manifest, Latent, and Dysfunctional Roles of Tuha Peut in Family Conflict Resolution: A Case Study from Gampong Reudeup, Aceh, Indonesia

Socialization and legal counseling on the Tuha Peut Traditional Institution in dispute resolution in Sawang District are part of community service activities. The background of this activity is that in the Qanun of Customary Institutions, Tuha Peut is one of the customary institutions that has the authority to settle disputes between members of a community of a village. In Sawang Subdistrict, Aceh Utara District, there are still many customary disputes that have not been resolved by customary settlement in the village and many have been reported by the community to the police. This is also due to the lack of knowledge of the Tuha Peut Customary Institution in resolving disputes at the village level. This socialization and legal counseling was carried out by presenting the material and continued with a discussion of questions and answers and swearing back. The results of socialization and legal counseling in Sawang District found that the results of the feedback provided by participants experienced an increase in understanding of the role of the Tuha Peut Traditional Institution in dispute resolution. The implementation of this activity received a good response from the Tuha Peut Customary Institution, because they increased their knowledge and they rarely got activities like this.

The purpose of this study is to describe the beliefs of the people of North Aceh and the City of Lhokseumawe towards the dispute resolution decided by Tuha Peut as a gampong traditional institution and to describe the prospects of Tuha Peut as a customary institution in dispute resolution in the future. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with a socio-legal approach. The main target in this research is the Tuha Peut institution in North Aceh and Lhokseumawe City. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observation and documentation. Data processing is carried out by distributing data sets based on a predetermined problem formulation. Data analysis is in accordance with the research specifications, the existing data will be analyzed qualitatively, namely grouping the data and retelling it in the description. The results of the study indicate that the trust of the people of North Aceh and Lhokseumawe City towards dispute resolution shows that there are people who are a little distrustful, less trusting. However, more people believe in the dispute decision made by Tuha Peut because it can be scientifically justified. The prospect of Tuha Peut as a customary institution in resolving disputes in the future is very strategic because it has been regulated in Qanun No. 4 of 2003 concerning the Mukim Administration in the Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Qanun No. 5 of 2003 concerning the Inner Village Government of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province, and Qanun Number 10 of 2008 concerning the Guidance of Customary Life and Customs. However, in its development, Tuha Peut according to its functions and authorities, coupled with the ability and charisma, future prospects will shine more and have strong strength in a village.

Gampong is the lowest government in the government system in Indonesia. In recent years, gampongs or villages have been given great authority in implementing village governance, especially in preparing village / gampong development plans. In implementing the gampong government, the keuchik who leads the gampong government, apart from being assisted by the village secretary and gampong apparatus, is also assisted by a customary institution known as Tuha Peut. One of the functions of tuha peut is given the authority to carry out the joint development planning function with the village keuchik as outlined in the RKPG document. The socialization of tuha peut functions in gampong governance is necessary to provide an in-depth understanding of the duties and functions of tuha peut as partners of the gampong government in implementing the wheels of government and development. The formulation of the problem in this activity is limited to the socialization of tuha peut's function in compiling a work plan for village development (RKPD / G). The method used in this service is a qualitative method through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Keywords: Socialization, Tuha Peut Gampong, Village Development Work Plan

This study discusses the resolution of disputes through adat and family security in Acehnese society according to Islamic law. The problems examined are the pattern of resolving family conflicts through adat mechanisms in Aceh; The relationship between resolving conflicts through adat and family resilience in Aceh and a review of Islamic law towards resolving family conflicts through adat in Aceh. This study uses a qualitative approach, which is to explain, describe, and analyze in-depth the results of research. Data collection techniques used were literature study and interviews with informants. While the data were analyzed using Islamic legal theory and traditional law. This research concludes that there are several patterns for example involving various parties such as Jurong, Keuchik, Tuha Peut, Teungku Imum, Imum Mukim, and the place of dispute resolution at meunasah sometimes at Keuchik's house. There is a close relationship between resolving disputes through adat and family resilience, meaning that many family problems that are resolved through adat mechanisms do not go through formal legal avenues. Then the dispute resolution is in line with Islamic law which is included in the urf category with a review of the benefits.

This research discusses conflict resolution in the lives of Javanese transmigrants in the Paya Tungel Village, Jagong Jeget district, through the mediation of the Jagong Jeget district, which depends on the customary law applied by the indigenous population in Gayo land. In the customary law of the Islamic community in Jagong Jeget, conflict resolution involves the role of Tuha Peut (Village Government). A descriptive qualitative research method was used to obtain in-depth explanations through four informants who are Tuha Peut (Village Government) in Paya Tungel Village. The results show that conflict resolution in Paya Tungel uses mediation, reconciliation, and sanctions/laws to deter perpetrators, as well as guidance by Tuha Peut (Village Government) if the problem cannot be resolved within the family. Ralf Dahrendorf suggests mediation and reconciliation methods in resolving conflicts, as well as through compromise (Consensus) by recognizing differences in interests and seeking common ground acceptable to all parties involved.

Current literature provides strong support for the relationship between perceived family conflict (i.e., disagreements, expressed anger, and/or aggression) and adolescent maladjustment (i.e., internalizing, externalizing, and/or physiological symptoms). Moreover, research indicates that successful conflict resolution (i.e., “behaviors that regulate, reduce, or terminate conflicts,” Davies & Cummings, 1994) decreases the adverse impact family conflict has on children. Many researchers have treated conflict resolution as a dichotomous variable (e.g., resolved or unresolved), but there may be different approaches to conflict resolution. Only one dimensional measure of conflict resolution has been developed in the literature, and it has only been used in a sample of young adults. Recent research has also underscored the importance of assessing conflict avoidance (i.e., indirect efforts to alter stressful situations). Unfortunately, there are limited studies on conflict avoidance and its impact on psychological adjustment, none of which use an adolescent sample. The primary purpose of the current study was to determine whether the relationship between conflict resolution, conflict avoidance, and adjustment would extend to adolescents using a dimensional measure of conflict resolution. Second, the current study aimed to develop and pilot a dimensional measure of conflict avoidance. One hundred two adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19 were recruited from four parochial high schools in a large Midwestern city. The participants completed self-report measures regarding perceived family conflict, conflict resolution, avoidant behaviors, and psychological adjustment. Results paralleled the findings of previous research in a young adult sample regarding the impact of conflict resolution on adjustment. In addition, after considering perceived family conflict, the presence of conflict avoidance added significantly to the prediction of adolescents’ psychological symptoms. These findings suggest that assessing for conflict avoidance in addition to family conflict and conflict resolution may have important implications for the screening and assessment of adolescent psychological health.

The life of customs and customary law in Acehnese society is emphasized in Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh (UUPA), namely in Article 98 of the LoGA which regulates the duties, authorities, rights and obligations in carrying out the development of traditional life and customs by establishing a Aceh Qanun. Tuha Peut Gampong has not played a good role in resolving community disputes. ). The tuha peut institution consists of four elements, namely elements of ulama, adat, clever people, and community leaders. The authorities of tuha peut include appointing and dismissing geuchik, compiling reusam gampongs, supervising and resolving disputes that occur in the community. In Aceh, there are still many customary disputes that have not been resolved in the customary settlements in the gampong and many have been reported by the community to the police. This is also due to the lack of knowledge of the Tuha Peut Customary Institution in resolving disputes at the gampong level. This study aims to identify the role of Tuha Peut Gampong as a gampong consultative body in the process of resolving community disputes, to find out the obstacles that cause Tuha Peut Gampong to have not played a good role in resolving disputes that occur in the community, and to find out the efforts made to strengthen the role of Tuha Peut Gampong. Gampong in the settlement of community disputes. The data in this study were obtained from literature review and field research. A literature review was conducted to obtain secondary data by studying the literature and applicable laws and regulations.

We investigated the relationship between family conflict resolution and depression, focusing on each component of family conflict resolution to determine which factors have stronger associations with depression. We used data from 2008 to 2015 of the Korea Welfare Panel Study. Our final sample included 3565 participants. For each participant, we included at least 2-8years of follow-up data with a mean follow-up time of 4.05 ± 2.52years. To identify the relationship between new-onset depressive symptoms and participants' family conflict resolution styles, we performed generalized estimating equation analysis with autoregressive working correlations to estimate adjusted odds ratios for new-onset depressive symptoms adjusted for covariates. Compared with positive family conflict resolution, negative family conflict resolution had a higher odds ratio for depressive symptoms (aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.42-2.29). This relationship was strongly founded on participants who were women (aOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.55-3.94) with experience of verbal aggression (aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.42-2.37) and threatening behaviors (aOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.25-2.85). Negative family conflict resolution has long-term associations with an elevated risk of depressive symptoms. In particular, we observed higher risks of depression with verbal and psychological conflict than with physical conflict. Health care providers and health policymakers should support the management and development of methods for dealing with family conflict to improve mental health at a family level, as well as an individual level.

Introduction. The article presents the results of a sociological study conducted to identify the main barriers to the development of family mediation in the Rostov region. The study was prompted by a persistent trend related to the high divorce rate in the region, as well as well as the conviction that applying mediation practices in resolving family conflicts can enhance the stability of relationships in young families. Theoretical basis of the study. The results and conclusions presented in the article are based on the author’s research conducted as part of the dissertation titled ‘The Institute of Mediation in Conflict Resolution in Young Families (Based on the Materials of the Rostov Region),’ specifically the analysis of a series of in-depth interviews conducted with expert mediators from the Rostov region in 2023 (n = 7). Results of the study. Based on the results of the study, the main barriers to the development of family mediation in the Rostov region can be identified: insufficient dissemination of information, as the population often lacks awareness of the benefits of mediation practices and the availability of free mediation services; imperfections in legislation that lead to ambiguity in the process, particularly regarding the criteria for the effectiveness of mediation; cultural and mental attitudes of the population, which are primarily characterized by the closed nature of family dynamics; lack of connections with relevant agencies (courts, civil registry offices, legal aid services); competition with other organizations focused on resolving family conflicts; low status of mediation practices due to distrust in the procedure itself; and the lack of unified requirements for the professional training of mediators dealing with family conflicts.

In cases where local leadership was cited as negative, it is often because donors and NGOs either side-stepped local leadership systems (Dixon and McGregor 2011), or misread traditional systems and over-invested in the village head as a way of ‘ensuring’ local involvement and endorsement. In Aceh, the village head is just one prominent figure embedded within a wider framework that allows for checks and balances. To fully utilize the strengths of local leadership it was necessary to also engage religious leaders such as the imam gampung (head of the local mosque), and other respected village elders such as the tuha peut, which oversee different livelihood sectors, and use of communal lands. The fact that these were not engaged at the village level by most NGOs, allowed too much of the success or failure of community-level efforts to be concentrated in the hands of the village head. The ways that many external organizations engaged with communities simplified a complex system of decision-making and left great scope for abuse by under-qualified or self-serving village heads, and very limited options for disaffected villagers to communicate issues with higher social or source of funding (donors and NGOs).

Background: Regarding the importance of resolving family problems in athletic progress and identifying the underlying factors, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cultural intelligence on self-esteem and family conflict resolutions among athletes. Methods: The research method was correlational analytic and the research society included all married athletes (both male and female) in different sport disciplines of individual and team sports from Shahin Shahr, Isfahan. For this purpose, 180 athletes responded to the research questionnaires using the available sampling method, and finally, 179 questionnaires were analyzed. The research tools were the Cultural Intelligence Questionnaire designed by Erlie & Ange (2004), Cooper Smith’s Self-Esteem Questionnaire (1967), and Rahim’s Family Conflict Resolution Questionnaire (2003). Data were analyzed using SPSS V. 23 and AMOS V. 22 software. Results: The results showed that the only relationship between self-esteem and the motivational dimension of cultural intelligence was significant (p<0.05). Besides, the relationship between cultural intelligence and its dimensions, except for the behavior dimension with family self-esteem was significant (p<0.05). Furthermore, the relationship between cultural intelligence and its dimensions with the styles of family conflict resolution was significant (p<0.05). The results of structural equation modeling also showed that the model of the relationship between cultural intelligence with self-esteem and the styles of family conflict resolution in athletes had a good fit. Conclusion: Cultural intelligence plays a role in the self-esteem and resolution of athletes’ family conflicts.

This article assesses the role of women in family conflict resolution from the perspective of women living in the inner city of Durban. The paper is based on participatory action research. Data was collected using focus group discussions (FGD) with 16 women aged above 30 years. These women were selected randomly through snowball sampling. The findings from the study show that women felt that they were actively taking part in family conflict resolution. This is seen as a result of the shift in gender relations and women’s empowerment. The findings also show that while women felt that they were active participants in the process of family conflict resolution, their participation is restricted, to some extent, by persisting male dominance which leaves limited space for women to participate in it fully. Cultural beliefs and gender inequality were at the center of the impediments to full participation by women in family conflict resolution. Despite these challenges, the participants believed that women are making a positive impact in resolving family conflict. The article posits a number of hypotheses that may inform practice.

Family conflicts contribute to the reassessment of the system of values, the transformation of social relations and interpersonal relations, the development of the family system, are a source of change for each of its participants. The leading role in the construction of the family system and good relations in it belongs to the marital subsystem, which determines the development of relations in other family subsystems. The propensity of each spouse to conflict behavior, as well as the choice of appropriate behavioral strategies determines the success of resolving family conflicts. Objective. The research is related to the analysis of the essence of the "family conflict" concept and the characteristics of behavioral strategies in conflict; experimental definition and analysis of the main behavior strategies of spouses in resolving family conflicts. Methods. To solve the research problem we used such theoretical research methods as: analysis of scientific psychological literature, generalization, systematization of scientific information; the following empirical research methods were used: conversation, observation, psychodiagnostic method "Diagnosis of a person's propensity to conflict behavior" by K. Thomas adapted by N. V. Hryshyna; processing and quantitative and qualitative interpretation of results. The study involved 16 married couples (husband and wife) with different marital experiences in the number of 32 people aged 26 to 48 years (Kyiv). All the couples have children aged 2 to 21 years. The results of the empirical study of the peculiarities of the behavior strategies choice for spouses in resolving family conflicts showed that the predominant strategies are: "Compromise", which was found in 28.12 % of the total number of respondents and 37.5 % of women in particular; "Rivalry", which was found in 25 % of the total number of respondents and 31.25 % of men in particular; respondents are the least likely to choose the "Avoidance" strategy – 9.38 % of the total number of respondents, 6.25 % of women and 12.5 % of men. We see the prospects for further development in the study of family values and role attitudes of a married couple and their relationship with the effective resolution of conflicts in the family.

Agrarian disputes in Indonesia are still a complex problem that has a direct impact on social inequality and legal uncertainty, including in Aceh Besar District. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of land tenure and utilization which are the roots of agrarian conflict in the region. The approach used is qualitative with a case study method, through field observations, in-depth interviews with communities, local government, legal officials, and the private sector, as well as analysis of legal documents and land policies. The results show that overlapping claims between customary and formal legal rights, weak legal protection of historically-based land tenure, and the dominance of economic interests in land use are the main causes of conflict. Available dispute resolution mechanisms have not been effective, both litigative and non-litigative, because they do not accommodate the root of the problem and tend to ignore participatory aspects. On the other hand, local institutions such as mukim and tuha peut have the potential to be key actors in conflict resolution, but have not received adequate regulatory support. This finding confirms the need for fairer and more inclusive agrarian policy reform, by encouraging harmonization between state law and customary law, community empowerment, and strengthening local institutions as a strategy for resolving agrarian conflicts in a sustainable manner.

The article highlights the ways of resolving family conflicts nobles and peasants in the first third of the XIX century in the Russian Empire, against the background of the ongoing systematization of legislation. Based on examination of the letters and memoirs of the nobles and peasants we highlighted the methods, which are actually used to solve family conflicts. I conclude that nobles and peasants rarely used help of the state in resolving family conflicts. The sphere of family relations was sacred for these estates; therefore, they did not rope the authorities into family conflicts. I have identified the following ways to resolve family conflicts: duel; marriage, often in the form of a secret wedding; going to the monastery and punishing the unfaithful wife; different approaches to raising children by peasants and nobles. The author of the article pays attention to passivity of the peasants in resolving their family conflicts. The results of the study allow exploring the alternative ways of resolving family conflicts based on representatives of other classes of Russian society in the first third of the 19th century (clergy, merchants, philistines, foreigners) as well, using wider range of sources (journalism, normative acts, fiction, paperwork). This analysis contributes to the discussion about the limits of the government intervention into family affairs. The author of the article redlines that people did not trust the law and resorted to the personally legitimate sources of dealing with family conflicts. This conclusion presents a new perspective in the discussion of legal nihilism and real application of the law in life