Managing Bank Soil on Surface Mining Operation with USLE Method

Abstract

The most valuable layer in mining activities is topsoil, so adequate management is needed, especially in maintaining its quality, quantity, and mechanical properties. The land is used for revegetation, which supports post-mining success and can return the land to its original condition. This process starts by placing the soil in one area, and when the revegetation area is ready, it is removed. Soil is loose and has low mechanical properties, so it is susceptible to erosion when it rains. The research objective is to manage topsoil to maintain quantity and quality, and erosion and sediment load can be reduced. The analysis was carried out using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method by changing the variable C (cover factor) through the option of planting Cymbopogon nardus. This plant has long roots that can increase soil cohesion, grows fast, and has economic value. Planting Cymbopogon nardus with a spacing of 0.8 m can reduce erosion by 175.67%, less than the bare soil condition. The value of the C factor decreased from 1 to 0.759 after planting Cymbopogon nardus with that spacing. The decrease in monthly erosion is 14.72-49.78 tons/ha/month, with an average decrease of 30.14 tons/ha/month or 361.69 tons/ha/year. Planting Cymbopogon nardus effectively reduces erosion at a lower cost and effort. This plant provides many benefits after leaves and stems can be distilled to produce essential oils.