Abstract
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development aims to reach 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs 6 deals with water security, which refers mainly to ensure availability and sus-tainable management of water. The present study aims to enhance reservoir performance under climate change to deal with water scarcity. For this purpose, we proposed a new methodology where precipitation and evaporation data provided through temporal downscaling are leveraged by a real-time management algorithm coupled with the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS). The real-time dam management algorithm is based on water balance equation and rule curves. It provides information about (1) dam storage, (2) dam release, (3) dam evaporation, (4) dam diversion, (5) spilled water volume, (6) emergency spilled water volume, (7) dam inflow, (8) irrigation demand, (9) irrigation shortage, (10) dam siltation, (11) dam hydropower produc-tion, (12) hydropower energy income. The developed approach has been applied to the Hassan Addakhil multipurpose reservoir in Morocco. The result shows that the dam reliability and resili-ence have increased from 40% to 70% and from 16% to 66%, respectively, while the vulnerability remained constant. Additionally, this study has pointed out that the installation of a hydropower plant is an opportunity to produce clean electrical energy and generate an income enough to cov-er different costs related to dam management and maintenance. Therefore, the real-time man-agement tool developed in the framework of this project can significantly enhance reservoir per-formance.
Highlights
According to the IPCC’s Vth Report, 80% of the world’s population faces a water security crisis (Jiménez Cisneros et al, 2015)
We propose a real-time dam management algorithm based on water balance and rule curves as a constraint condition to guarantee an optimal water policy
3.6 Crop water demand The irrigation demand in Ziz downstream is estimated by 100 million m3, according to Tafilalet ORMVA
Summary
According to the IPCC’s Vth Report, 80% of the world’s population faces a water security crisis (Jiménez Cisneros et al, 2015). From 2000 to 2015, UN members have adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Based on the future projections of regional climate model RACMO2/KNMI, (Philandras et al, 2011) shows that the mean annual precipitation within morocco will decrease between -40% to -50% dur-ing the period 2071–2100. In this context, Morocco is one of the countries highly treated by water security problems (Bank, 2017). Morocco is one of the countries highly treated by water security problems (Bank, 2017) To overcome this problem, Morocco has adopted a dam policy since 1960. Morocco has strengthened the legal water frame by adopting Law 10-95 in 1995 and Law 36-15 in 2016, aiming to ensure water security and strengthen decentralized water management. (Afilal, 2017; Avellà-Reus, 2019; Molle, 2017)
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