MANAGEMENT OF ATHLETES WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES – THERAPEUTIC AND EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Exercise and Sport Participation for Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes

Review Question/Objective The objective of this systematic review is to synthesise the best available evidence on the effectiveness of physical leisure time activities on glycaemic control in adult patients with diabetes type 2. The specific review question is: What is the effectiveness of physical leisure time activities on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes type 2? Types of participants This review will consider adults over 18 years old diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria. Patients receiving oral or insulin medicine treatment will be considered for inclusion, regardless of severity of diabetes or other treatment regimes, but patients who had recently undergone serious operations or who had myocardial infarction, stroke, severe liver or kidney diseases, or any illness limiting participation in the physical activity program, or who were participating in a physical exercise program at the same time will be excluded from the study. Types of Interventions Regular physical leisure time activities for people with type 2 diabetes are defined as at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity (50-70% of maximum heart rate) per week, or at least 90 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity (>70% of maximum heart rate) per week.26 The minimum duration of the intervention will be at least two months. The review will include the following forms of moderate or vigorous leisure time activities: (1) tai chi exercise (2) walking (3) swimming (4) gardening (5) gigong (an ancient Chinese breathing exercise that combines aerobics, isometric, and isotonic movements and meditation) (6) jogging (7) riding a bicycle (8) dancing. Types of outcomes The outcome measures will include long-term and short-term glycaemic control indicators to reflect the patients’ immediate and two to three months blood sugar changing condition. Therefore, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) indicators will be included in this study.

The Official Journal of ATTD Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes Conference 22‐25 February 2023 I Berlin & Online

The Clinical Utility of Neuromotor Exercise as Antihypertensive Lifestyle Therapy.

Abstracts from ATTD 2016 9th International Conference on Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes Milan, Italy-February 3-6, 2016.

The health benefits of regular physical activity and the relation between physical inactivity and chronic disease morbidity and mortality are well established. Also clear is the fact that efforts to increase physical activity at the population level will require collective action by government, nongovernment, for-profit, and nonprofit entities working together at the local, state, and national levels. The US National Physical Activity Plan (NPAP), developed by the National Physical Activity Plan Alliance, of which the American Heart Association (AHA) is a member, is designed to facilitate this collective action, to help organizations from all sectors of society work together to increase physical activity in all segments of the American population. The purposes of this advisory are to summarize the data that describe the health benefits of regular physical activity and the public health burden of low levels of physical activity, to describe the NPAP and the role it will play in increasing population levels of physical activity, and to encourage readers of Circulation to join the AHA’s efforts to promote its implementation. As summarized in Table 1, there is substantial evidence supporting the benefits of regular physical activity to prevent a wide variety of disease conditions and to enhance quality of life. Interestingly, there is less of an appreciation of noncardiovascular benefits of lifestyle physical activity and structured exercise, and this is an area of great opportunity for educating the public and healthcare practitioners. View this table: Table 1. The Health Benefits of Regular Physical Activity Physical inactivity is rapidly becoming a major global concern and is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide.2,3 As noted by Kohl and colleagues, “In view of the prevalence, global reach, and health effect of physical inactivity, the issue should be appropriately described as pandemic, with far-reaching health, economic, environmental, and social consequences.”4 According …

Editorial introductions

Editorial introductions

Do physical activity levels in the cancer population recover without intervention? An observational study

Point/Counterpoint

Presentations at the 81st scientific sessions of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), Part 1.

How much glycemic control is needed to prevent progression of diabetic nephropathy?

No doubt remains that the adoption and maintenance of physical activity is important for overall health and blood glucose management in individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. Recently, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) published updated recommendations and precautions about physical activity and exercise in people with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes (1). Given the importance of these topics, it is worth discussing the key changes and updates included in this ADA position statement (PS). Pre-Exercise Health Screening and Evaluation This PS reiterates that “pre-exercise medical clearance is not necessary for asymptomatic, sedentary individuals who wish to begin low- or moderate-intensity physical activity not exceeding the demands of brisk walking or everyday living” (1). This stance directly opposes a recent recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) (2) that requires anyone with a metabolic disease (in this case, diabetes) who desires to begin exercising at any level—even doing light activities—to obtain medical clearance from a health-care provider first. The authors of the ADA PS did not agree with this restriction and took the same stance as the prior ADA PS on type 2 diabetes and exercise (3), which I believe is a much better recommendation. Making adults obtain any type of medical clearance prior to starting walking, for example, is an unnecessary barrier that will not necessarily make exercising any safer for them. However, ADA agrees with ACSM that adults with diabetes who plan to exercise at higher intensities than currently undertaken or who would be considered at high risk for cardiovascular disease (e.g., have elevated blood cholesterol, smoke, have a strong family history, etc.) or other health complications from doing such activities are recommended to obtain a pre-training examination from a health-care provider who may or may not recommend exercise stress testing (3).

Key updates to the management of type 2 diabetes in adults: how to embrace and embed the new <scp>NICE</scp> guidance

Physical Education, Exercise, Fitness and Sports: Early PM&R Leaders Build a Strong Foundation