Management and Treatment of Patients with Dysphagia

Abstract

Dysphagia occurs when food or liquid is prevented from moving from the mouth to the stomach. The normal aging process and age-related disease contribute to the prevalence of dysphagia as do acquired acute and chronic progressive diseases. This paper will define compensatory techniques and discuss research that has led to evidence-based rehabilitative approaches in the treatment of deglutitive disorders. The multidisciplinary science of deglutology has advanced in evaluation including the use of high-resolution manometry and computed tomography to compliment radiographic techniques in evaluation and to better understand the changes that occur with management and treatment. We now understand the physiologic change that can occur with swallowing exercise and how both compensatory and rehabilitative techniques are not a one size fits all scenario. Evidence-based research allows clinicians to confidently provide better care and outcomes for patients with dysphagia.