Making sense of recurrent boom and bust cycles in Canadian public health systems.

Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic—Unique Opportunities for Unifying, Revamping and Reshaping Epidemic Preparedness of Europe’s Public Health Systems

Advancing the Science of Delivery

Has traditional medicine had its day? The need to redefine academic medicine

The Public Health System in England

Health Systems Need to Transform Data Collection to Advance Health Equity.

Background During the past decades, the growth of knowledge to prevent disease on the one hand and the growth of public acceptance to prevent disease on the other hand led to form public health systems. Soon after, health was no longer considered as an individual responsibility only, and more effective interventions against health threats and communicable diseases were developed. As a result, public agencies and authorities were established to implement newly discovered interventions against health threats and to prevent non-communicable diseases. Though, the orientation of public health agencies and authorities shifted from prevention of disease to promotion of health in almost all countries, their public health systems are developed widely differently. While some countries look back to traditionally established public health systems, others are pursuing different approaches to achieve Health in All Policies through policy and legislation in Wales or are now evaluating their public health policies after a ten-years-strategy, like Sweden and still others have only recently (2015) introduced a new Preventive Health Care Act and follow a bottom up approach called “Future Forum Public Health”, like Germany. Objectives This workshop aims at presenting the very different perspectives on the achievement of public health and different systems around Europe. Both, the disparity of the approaches and their different forms, and different stages of their development will be addressed by each presentation. Despite differences of the public health systems in each context, the workshop will focus on identifying shared features and common challenges of the countries with the goal of identifying inspiring examples and discussing criteria of transferability. During the discussion that will follow, different possibilities of cooperation and exchange will be assessed and debated. In particular, the workshop will encompass a presentation from Wales on “the future generation’s act” and will include information on the requirements to turn the legislation into practice. The Swedish input will focus on the Swedish national public health policy and its achievements after ten years. France will give an overview of the structural developments during the last ten years. The presentation from Germany will consist of contrasting a top-down and a bottom-up approach, namely the act to strengthen health promotion and prevention in Germany on the one hand and the future forum public health on the other hand. And last but not least, we will hear about the particular success of the Slovenian example with a newly shaped and largely developed public health system. Key messages Acquiring insight into different approaches to achieve improvements in public health based on alternative systems is important to identify inspiring examples, shared features and common challenges. Identification of criteria of transferability of public health strategies, legislation and policies between countries, and requirements for implementation are crucial for learning from best practice.

Public Health: Back to the Future

Building a Strong Foundation for Public Health Transformation.

A Brief History of Public Health Informatics-Lessons for Leaders and a Look Into the Future.

BackgroundThe introduction of the determinants of health has caused a shift towards understanding health from a holistic perspective as well as increased recognition of public health’s contributions to the health of the population. Several frameworks exist to conceptualise healthcare systems, highlighting the stark contrast of frameworks unique to public health systems. The objectives of this study were to define public health systems and assess differences between healthcare systems and public health systems within established health systems frameworks.MethodsA critical interpretive synthesis was conducted. Databases searched included EBSCOhost, OVID, Scholars Portal, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Health Systems Evidence. Data extraction, coding and analysis followed a best-fit framework analysis method. Initial codes were based on a current leading health systems and policy classification scheme – health systems arrangements (governance, financial and delivery arrangements).ResultsA total of 5933 unique documents were identified and 67 were included in the analysis. Definitions of public health and public health systems varied significantly as did their roles and functions across jurisdictions. Public health systems arrangements generally followed those of health systems, with the addition of partnerships (community and inter-sectoral) and communication playing a larger role in public health. A public health systems framework and conceptualisation of how public health currently fits within health systems are presented.ConclusionsPublic health systems are unique and vital entities within health systems. In addition to examining how public health and public health systems have been defined within the literature, this review suggests that establishing the scope of public health is crucial to understanding its role within the larger health system and adds to the discourse around the relationship between public health, healthcare and population health. More broadly, this study addresses an important gap in understanding public health systems and provides conceptual and practical contributions as well as areas for future research.

Operationalizing PH WINS 2021: Pathways to Resilience for Public Health.

A National Research Agenda for Public Health Services and Systems

Is Africa prepared for tackling the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic. Lessons from past outbreaks, ongoing pan-African public health efforts, and implications for the future

Canada and COVID-19: learning from SARS

Build on Success: CIPHI Challenges for the Next Millennium