Abstract
This chapter focuses on major fires and discusses types of major fires and the extent of casualties that can arise from them. Potentially, the premises providing the greatest risk of life are those with a high occupancy factor and those that have sleeping accommodation. These premises include—multi-storey hospital and mental institutions, multi-storey departmental stores, high rise flats and office blocks, and hotels. These premises are subject to extensive fire prevention legislation, designed to protect the safety of occupants. One of the prime considerations is the provision of a safe means of escape in case of fire. The types of incident attended by fire brigades that can result in a high casualty rate are accidents or explosions involving chemical substances. These cannot develop into major fires depending upon the characteristics of the particular substance or substances involved; however, almost invariably they are attendant with a considerable degree of hazard whether they occur within the confines of a manufacturing plant or storage depot, or whether they are transported.
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