Abstract
Fusarium subglutinans causes maize ear rot and contaminates grain with the mycotoxin moniliformin. Previous DNA sequence analysis divided F. subglutinans from maize into two cryptic species, designated groups 1 and 2. Here, it was determined whether the two groups differ in the agriculturally important traits of virulence on maize and moniliformin production in planta. Thirty-seven strains from U.S. maize were assigned to groups 1 and 2 by DNA sequence analysis. In field tests, all strains were highly virulent on maize inbred B73 and four maize hybrids. In planta, 82% of group 1 strains and 25% of group 2 strains produced high levels (100-1500 microg/g) of moniliformin. All group 2 strains from more northern states produced little or no moniliformin (0-5 microg/g). These data indicate that moniliformin production is highly variable in F. subglutinans from U.S. maize and that production may not be required for the fungus to cause maize ear rot.
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