MAGNUS-3D: Accelerator magnet calculations in 3-dimensions

Abstract

MAGNUS‐3D is a professional finite element code for nonlinear magnetic engineering. MAGNUS‐3D can solve numerically any general problem of linear or nonlinear magnetostatics in three dimensions. The problem is formulated in a domain with Dirichlet, Neumann or periodic boundary conditions, that can contain any combination of conductors of any shape in space, nonlinear magnetic materials with magnetic properties specified by magnetization tables, and nonlinear permanent magnets with any given demagnetization curve. MAGNUS‐3D uses the two‐scalar‐potentials formulation of Magnetostatics and the finite element method, has an automatic 3D mesh generator, and advanced post‐processing features that include graphics on a variety of supported devices, tabulation, and calculation of design quantities required in Magnetic Engineering. MAGNUS‐3D is a general purpose 3D code, but it has been extensively used for accelerator work and many special features required for accelerator engineering have been incorporated into the code. One of such features is the calculation of field harmonic coefficients averaged in the direction of the beam, so important for the design of magnet ends. Another feature is its ability to calculate line integrals of any field component along the direction of the beam, or plot the field as a function of the z coordinate. MAGNUS‐3D has found applications to the design of accelerator magnets and spectrometers, steering magnets, wigglers and undulators for free electron lasers, microtrons and magnets for synchrotron light sources, as well as magnets for NMR and medical applications, recording heads and various magnetic devices.There are three more programs closely associated with MAGNUS‐3D. MAGNUS‐GKS is the graphical postprocessor for the package; it supports a numer of output devices, including color vector or bit map devices. WIRE is an independent program that can calculate the field produced by any configuration of electric conductors in space, at any point in space, when iron is not present. HARMON performs the spherical harmonic analysis of magnetic fields in 3D, and is used for the design of passive and active shims and correction coils for high‐precision magnets.This paper deals with the latest extensions of MAGNUS‐3D. Descriptions of the features and internal libraries of MAGNUS‐3D are included. Emphasis is placed on the new features recently developed, which will become available to users in the next update.