Abstract
Magnolol is a bioactive polyphenolic compound commonly found in Magnolia officinalis. The aim of this study is to clarify the contribution of the magnolol additive on the growth performance of Linwu ducklings aging from 7 to 28 d, comparing to the effects of antibiotic additive (colistin sulphate). A total of 325, 7-d-old ducklings were assigned to 5 groups. Each group had 5 cages with 13 ducklings in each cage. The ducklings in different groups were fed with diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol additive (MA) (Control, MA100, MA200 and MA300) and 30 mg/kg colistin sulphate (CS30) for 3 weeks, respectively. Parameters regarding to the growth performance, intestinal mucosal morphology, serum biochemical indices, antioxidant and peroxide biomarkers and the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes were evaluated by one way ANOVA analysis. The results showed that 30 mg/kg colistin sulphate, 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol additive improved the average final weight (P = 0.045), average daily body weight gain (P = 0.038) and feed/gain ratios (P = 0.001) compared to the control group. 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol additive significantly increased the villus height/crypt depth ratio of ileum, compared to the control and CS30 groups (P = 0.001). Increased serum level of glucose (P = 0.011) and total protein (P = 0.006) were found in MA200 or MA300 group. In addition, comparing to the control and CS30 groups, MA200 or MA300 significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (P = 0.038), glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.048) and reduced glutathione (P = 0.039) in serum. Moreover, the serum and hepatic levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (P = 0.043 and 0.007, respectively) were lower in all MA groups compared to those of the control and CS30 group. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1, catalase and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/erythroid-derived CNC-homology factor were also increased significantly in MA200 and MA300 groups (P < 0.05). Taken together, these data demonstrated that MA was an effective feed additive enhancing the growth performance of Linwu ducklings at 7 to 28 d by improving the antioxidant and intestinal mucosal status. It suggested that MA could be a potential ingredient to replace the colistin sulphate in diets.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is considered to be the imbalance between the oxidation and antioxidant defense system within organisms, which results in lipid peroxidation and oxidative damages to DNA and proteins [1]
Group five received basal diet (BD) supplemented with 30 mg/kg colistin sulphate (CS) (Guangzhou Xingda Animal’s Pharmaceutical Company, Guangdong, China), which was named CS30
MA200 and MA300 significantly increased the villus height/crypt depth ratio of ileum compared to the control and CS30 groups (P = 0.001) (Table 4)
Summary
Oxidative stress is considered to be the imbalance between the oxidation and antioxidant defense system within organisms, which results in lipid peroxidation and oxidative damages to DNA and proteins [1]. Due to the sudden transition process from chorioallantoic to pulmonary respiration, the metabolic rate and oxygen consumption increase rapidly after hatching to meet the demands of endothermy and locomotion, causing young birds facing severe oxidative stress during their birth and early growth stages [2, 3]. It has been growing rapidly that the consumer demand safe, healthy and highquality poultry products. These situations required breeders to develop healthy and sustained poultry industry by reducing the antibiotics use. Phytochemicals were potential replacers to the antibiotics. Many phytochemicals had profound impacts on the growth performance and antioxidant ability of animals [5], such as resveratrol [6], oregano essential oil [7] and aloe vera [8]
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