Abstract
This paper describes an investigation of convection associated with electrodeposition processes using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. A convection of ZnSO/sub 4/ solution was generated at a Rayleigh number of 3.4/spl times/10/sup 11/ in an electrolytic bath which had a pair of horizontal zinc electrodes. Stejskal-Tanner plots of the fluid were measured with q gradients up to 1.1/spl times/10/sup 2/ mm/sup -1/. Probability density functions (average propagators) of the displacement of fluid in the q gradient interval /spl Delta/=45 ms were obtained by Fourier transform of the Stejskal-Tanner plots. In the z direction, the bandwidths of the average propagators with and without convection were 8.5/spl plusmn/1.3/spl times/10/sup -2/ mm and 4.1/spl plusmn/0.3/spl times/10/sup -2/ mm, respectively. Maps of x, y, and z components of the flow velocity were calculated from phase maps. The bandwidth of the average propagator obtained from the flow velocity map was 4.4/spl plusmn/0.6/spl times/10/sup -2/ mm. These methods enable noninvasive and quantitative evaluation of transport phenomena by convection in electrodeposition processes.
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