Magnetic order, Bose-Einstein condensation, and superfluidity in a bosonict−Jmodel ofCP1spinons and doped Higgs holons

Abstract

We study the three-dimensional U(1) lattice gauge theory of a ${\text{CP}}^{1}$ spinon (Schwinger boson) field and a Higgs field. It is a bosonic $t\text{\ensuremath{-}}J$ model in slave-particle representation, describing the antiferromagnetic (AF) Heisenberg spin model with doped bosonic holes expressed by the Higgs field. The spinon coupling term of the action favors AF long-range order, whereas the holon hopping term in the ferromagnetic channel favors Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of holons. We investigate the phase structure by means of Monte Carlo simulations and study an interplay of AF order and BEC of holes. We consider the two variations in the model; (i) the three-dimensional model at finite temperatures, and (ii) the two-dimensional model at vanishing temperature. In the model (i) we find that the AF order and BEC coexist at low temperatures and certain hole concentrations. In the model (ii), by varying the hole concentration and the stiffness of AF spin coupling, we find a phase diagram similar to the model (i). Implications of the results to systems of cold atoms and the fermionic $t\text{\ensuremath{-}}J$ model of strongly correlated electrons are discussed.