Abstract
AT THE end of 2000 superconductivity in metal alloys and compounds appeared to remain trapped by a glass ceiling. Over the previous 10 years the temperature at which certain oxide-based compounds – such as bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide and mercury barium calcium copper oxide – lost their resistance to electric current had soared to well over 100 K. Mean-while, the transition temperature, Tc, for carbon-based materials, including alkali-doped carbon-60 compounds, had risen close to the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77K). During the same period, however, the superconducting transition temperature of intermetallic compounds (materials made solely of metals and metal-like elements) remained close to 20 K – as it had been since the mid-1960s.
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