Abstract
In May 2003 Canada's Food Inspection Agency announced that a single case of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) had been diagnosed in a native born Canadian cow. In the aftermath of this announcement, the United States closed its border to Canadian beef and live cattle exports. At the time, the United States accounted for nearly all of Canada's live cattle and the majority of its beef exports, so the loss of this market was critical. By September 2003 the border reopened to beef exports from cattle less than 30 months of age, but it would be over two years before cattle under 30 months would be admitted. This article outlines the consequences of the border closure on Canada's cattle industry and considers the obstacles to lessening its dependence upon the US market.
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