Abstract
X-ray induced reduction Ho3+ → Ho2+ was observed in polycrystalline samples of NaMgF3:Ho. Prior to irradiation, only luminescence arising from 4f10 ↔ 4f10 transitions of Ho3+ was observed. After irradiation, excitation bands arising from 4f11 → 4f10(5IJ)5d1 transitions of Ho2+ were observed in the visible spectral region, and a corresponding 4f11(4I13/2) → 4f11(4I15/2) emission was observed that peaked in the infrared at 1808 nm. The emissions of Ho3+ were compared with those of Dy2+, and the emissions of Ho2+ were compared with those of Er3+, in order to calculate the isoelectronic compression factors ξ(4f10) = 1.17 and ξ(4f11) = 1.18 for the isoelectronic Ln3+/Ln2+ pairs in the NaMgF3 host. The Ho reduction was reversible, where continuous stimulation with 360 nm light released trapped electrons such that Ho2+ → Ho3+. This optically reversible Ho2+ ↔ Ho3+ conversion may find applications in radiation sensing and optical data storage.
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