Abstract
A simple pot, atom and step economic (PASE) synthesis of 2-amino-3-aroyl-4-aryl-tetrahydro-5H-chromen-5-one and hitherto unreported 2-amino-3-aroyl-4-aryl-dihydro-pyrano[3,2-c]chromen-5-one, 2-amino-3-aroyl-dihydrospiro[chromene-4,3'-indoline]-2',5(6H)-dione, 2-amino-3-aroyl-dihydro-5H-spiro[cyclopenta[b]pyran-4,3'-indoline]-2',5-dione, and 2'-amino-3'-aroyl-dihydro-2H-spiro[acenaphthylene-1,4'-chromene]-2,5'(6'H)-dione has been developed using LUDOX HS-40, a commercially available innocuous and inexpensive catalyst via direct annulations of benzoylacetonitrile, aldehyde/isatin/acenaphthoquinone and dimedone/cyclicdiketone/4-hydroxycoumarins in ethanol. This protocol offers advantages such as wide range of substrate scope, operational simplicity, higher yields, and cost-effectiveness.
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