Abstract

Abstract High-average power, short wavelength free-electron lasers (FELs) driven by RF accelerators requireelectron sources that are capable of producing beams that have both high brightness and high average current. In this paper we consider the electron source requirements for a putative 1 MW average power FEL operating at 1 m wavelength. We examine the critical issues associated with developing an electron source suitable for such a device.Keywords: photocathodes, photoinjectors, free-electron lasers, electron beams 1. Introduction The development of RF photocathode guns has made rapid progress since the invention of the device in the mid 1980's[l]. This development has been largely driven by the requirements of short wavelength FELs[2]. A briefoutline ofthe history ofthe major experimental developments is given in Table 1.Reference1984 Thermionic RF Gun 3 1985 Photocathode RF gun with alkali cathode 4 1988 Infrared FEL with RF photocathode (LaB6) gun 5 1990 High-gradient S-band photoinjector (metal cathode) 61991 Infrared FEL driven by photoinjector with emittance 7compensation1992 High duty photoinjector (alkali cathode) 81993 UV FEL driven by photoinjector linac 2

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