Abstract
The research aimed to establish a protocol of micropropagation of Syngonanthus elegans. Seed germination in WPM media containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% salt concentrations was evaluated. Establishment of plantlets in WPM and MS media, with 50% or 100% salt concentrations, was studied. The addition of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 g L-1of sucrose in WPM media was evaluated. The effects of TDZ (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1) and ANA (0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 mg L-1) in all possible combinations were investigated. To test acclimatization, sand, PlantmaxTM or vermiculite substrates were evaluated by direct acclimatization and pre-acclimatization. The germination of S. elegans seeds was not influenced by salt concentration in the culture media, but the germination speed was affected. The WPM medium with 17 g L-1 of sucrose is recommended for establishment of plantlets. Callus formation occurs in presence of 0.5 or 1.0 mg L-1 of NAA, in absence of TDZ, or when same concentrations of NAA and TDZ were added. Sprouts were most frequently produced when 0.5+0.5 mg L-1 or 1.0+1.0 mg L-1 of NAA and TDZ were used. The S. elegans plants had survival rate was 25.6% after acclimatization.
Highlights
Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland, belonging to the botanical family Eriocaulaceae, is an ornamental species native to the Espinhaço Mountains, in the region of Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (NUNES et al, 2008a; LANDGRAF; PAIVA, 2009)
The salt concentration in the culture media had no influence on seed germination in S. elegans, with germination values reaching 63% (Figure 1); this value can be considered high for this species
The highest germination speed index (GSI) was observed in media consisting of water alone or in the presence of 25% Woody Plant Medium (WPM) salts, confirming the sensitivity of the seeds to media with high salt concentrations (Figure 1)
Summary
Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland, belonging to the botanical family Eriocaulaceae, is an ornamental species native to the Espinhaço Mountains, in the region of Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (NUNES et al, 2008a; LANDGRAF; PAIVA, 2009). The flowers are an important commercial product and are sold as cut flowers (NERI; PAIVA, 2012). Because most of these flowers sold are obtained by collecting, this caused a drastic decrease in the natural populations has occurred and resulted in the. One of the most effective strategies for avoiding the collection of native plants is domestication, which enables the production of plants and the maintenance of germplasm banks outside of natural areas. Domestication permits the development of sustainable cultivation processes that allow for a better quality of life for the workers and their families that depend on floral production (NERI et al, 2005; NUNES et al, 2008b; SIMÕES et al, 2007)
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