<b>The Proliferation of Post-Mining Tourism Destinations: Locally-Initiated Development of Post-Mining Tourism Villages Through Educational Literacy and Tourism Awareness in Membalong and Tanjung Rusa Villages, Belitung Island</b><b></b>

The transition from extractive to sustainable economies represents a complex challenge for post-mining regions in Indonesia. This study explores the emergence and development of locally initiated tourism villages in Membalong and Tanjung Rusa Villages, Belitung, as a model of socio-ecological transformation from tin-extractive landscapes toward creative tourism economies. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach through in-depth interviews, field observations, participatory mapping, and a literature review and a literature review, this study analyzes the processes of social mobilization, tourism narrative construction, and landscape regeneration undertaken by local communities to transform mining voids (kolong or camui) and environmental degradation into valuable tourism assets. Findings reveal that the success of this model is underpinned by five fundamental pillars: (1) revitalization of post-mining landscapes into tourism lakes and ecological education parks, (2) diversification of environmentally-friendly local products based on pandan thorn handicrafts and natural culinary resources, (3) strengthening of daily cultural practices of gardening and fishing as unique coastal tourism attractions, (4) preservation of hospitable coastal Malay culture as social capital for welcoming tourists, and (5) capacity development in homestay management and tour guiding based on SAPTA PESONA principles (represents Indonesia's seven tourism hospitality standards: safety, order, cleanliness, beauty, friendliness, memorable experiences, and comfort) integrated with enhanced English communication competencies to serve international tourist mobility. However, the sustainability of this model faces critical challenges, including dependency on external support and financing, gaps in community managerial capacity, linguistic competency deficits in communicating with foreign tourists, limitations in effective marketing communication (marcom) strategies to reach broader tourist markets, and risks of pseudo-empowerment in the governance of village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) and tourism awareness groups (Pokdarwis). Theoretically, this study concretizes the concept of community-based tourism (CBT) that not only rehabilitates degraded environments but also cultivates socio-economic and communicative capacities of grassroots communities. The implications position these two villages as case experiences and valuable practical models for other post-mining regions in Indonesia in developing inclusive, competitive, and sustainable destinations.

This study aims to examine the implementation of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the management of Sendang Maibit tourism in Maibit Village, Rengel District, Tuban Regency. Using a qualitative approach, this study involves field observations, in-depth interviews, and document studies to understand the role of local communities in tourism management. The results of the study show that the community actively participates in tourism planning and management, especially through tourism awareness groups (pokdarwis). Although the CBT approach has had a positive impact, several challenges remain, including limited management capacity, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of tourism promotion. However, with the right support from the government and the private sector, Sendang Mibit has great potential to develop as a sustainable community-based tourism destination. This study highlights the importance of community empowerment and collaboration between stakeholders in achieving the success of community-based tourism.

Indonesia's coastal tourism offers significant potential for sustainable development. Yet, challenges persist in aligning community-based tourism (CBT) practices with sustainable tourism principles. This study examines partnership practices in the development of CBT at Pantai Panjang (Long Beach), Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, and evaluates its achievements to propose a Public-Private-People Partnership (4P) model. Using a qualitative approach, data were gathered between June and August 2024 through four techniques including focus group discussion (FGD), in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. A total of 14 informants participated, comprising representatives from the public sector, informal sector, tourism-awareness groups (Pokdarwis), and local communities. The findings indicate that CBT implementation at Pantai Panjang is hindered by low community participation, the limited role of Pokdarwis in decision-making processes, and the inadequacy of infrastructure and supporting facilities, resulting in suboptimal outcomes. Existing partnerships, particularly between the government and Pokdarwis, tend to prioritize specific economic interests rather than fostering comprehensive community empowerment. To address these challenges, this study recommends adopting a 4P model to enhance community involvement, facilitate stakeholder collaboration, and strengthen tourism sustainability. Strategic actions such as restructuring Pokdarwis, building local capacity, and establishing inclusive regulations are proposed to optimize Pantai Panjang?s potential as a sustainable community-based tourism destination.

Purpose — This study aimed to analyze the institutional entrepreneurship strategies to optimize community-based tourism practices in Sidomulyo Tourism Village.Method — This qualitative descriptive research focuses on the Tourism Awareness Group as the management institution of Sidomulyo Tourism Village. The data collection techniques are observation in Sidomulyo Tourism Village, in-depth interviews with the managers of the Tourism Awareness Group, and documentation. All discovered data is analyzed using Discursive Institutionalism.Result — We distinguished institutional entrepreneurship strategies into two dimensions: ideas and discourses. These strategic ideas include: managing the tourism village independently, re-justify Tourism Awareness Group goals following CBT aspects, re-arrange the formation and function within the Tourism Awareness Group component, involving the community in every step of the tourism village development, and communities get a fair reward for their participation, promoting community investment, creating product innovations, collaborating with universities and other tourism institutions, and also establish an environmental conservation and cultural preservation program with the community. Then, these ideas must be carried out in coordinative and communicative discourse. The Tourism Awareness Group actors who know communication skills and networks in the tourism sector are needed to convey these ideas.Contribution — This research contributes to discuss institutional entrepreneurship in tourism which still rarely to be studied.

The purpose of this study is to describe community involvement in the development of Kragilan Top Selfie Pinusan tourist destinations (TSPK) and explain the role of Tourism Awareness Groups (Pokdarwis) in developing TSPK tourist destinations. This study uses the concept of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) as an analytical framework. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with parties related to TSPK tourist destinations. The results of the study indicate that community participation in the process of developing the TSPK was encouraged by the local community namely Pokdarwis (tourism-aware group). Pokdarwis, in this case, plays a role in the division of labor; financial management; and managing cleanliness. Pokdarwis conducts division of labor to encourage community participation. The forms of community participation in TSPK include workforce and the contribution of ideas in developing TSPK. Next, the existence of TSPK also empowers the economy of the people in Kragilan Hamlet. Pokdarwis also empowers the community to manage the environment around the destination. Then TSPK shows that the CBT model that is different from CBT in general, in TSPK empowerment is carried out independently by Pokdarwis. Only after Pokdarwis initiated this empowerment and brought economic benefits, the government (Gunung Merbabu National Park Office) took part in helping TSPK management. Keywords : Community Based Tourism (CBT); Community Engagement; Participation; Top Selfie Pinusan Kragilan (TSPK).

To encourage a community’s role in the field of tourism, the local government of Central Java, Indonesia promotes a Community Based Tourism (CBT) as a tourism development for the sustainable economy. It involves the community in decision-making processes, especially related to the acquisition of income, employment, and the preservation of the environment, and culture of the indigenous people. This research aimed to determine communication activities in the implementation of CBT. The theory used was tourism communication using Attention, Interest, Desire, Action (AIDA) model. Then, the method was a case study by choosing Dieng as a tourist destination, and the tourism communication activities were undertaken in Dieng’s society, especially in the activities of Dieng Culture Festival (DCF). The results show that the tourism communication activities involving the community, POKDARWIS (Kelompok Sadar Wisata - Tourism Awareness Group), tourism advocates, and local governments should pay attention to the cultural and natural tourism potentials, and empower the local communities.

This research aims to reveal the development of the Kresek Monument historical tourism area for agrotourism based on Community Based Tourism. Qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection through observation, interviews, focus group discussions, and document study. Data validity through source triangulation. Analyze data with interactive analysis. The results of the research show that the Kresek Monument historical tourist area needs to be developed with a new perspective that the landscape of the Kresek Monument historical tourist area has the potential to become a beautiful natural tourist destination. For a long time, the community has been actively involved in developing the Kresek Monument historical tourist area through the "Mekar" Tourism Awareness Group. The community took the initiative and tried to integrate it with agrotourism around the monument area. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the management of the Kresek Monument historical tourist area has been completely taken over by the Madiun Regency Tourism, Youth and Sports Department, while day-to-day management is carried out by the Madiun Regency Environmental Service. The Kresek Village Government is also involved in management through the Kresek Village Village-Owned Enterprise. Residents are involved based on assignments from these parties, such as tour guides. There is no policy synergy between stakeholders, which is a challenge in developing the Kresek Monument historical tourism area which is integrated with the community's agro-tourism area. The community is also faced with technical obstacles in the field in the form of road infrastructure connecting the Kresek Monument historical tourist area with unsupported agro-tourism areas.

Community-based tourism (CBT) development is a strategic approach to improving community welfare, particularly in rural areas rich in natural and cultural resources. Embung Tanjung Anom, located in Central Lampung Regency, is one such local destination that has been developed through active community participation under the CBT concept. However, the implementation of CBT still faces various challenges, such as inadequate infrastructure, limited human resource capacity, and weak promotional and institutional management. This study aims to analyze the application of CBT principles, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulate strategic models for developing community-based tourism potential in Embung Tanjung Anom. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, using data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation, with SWOT analysis as the analytical tool. The findings indicate that the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis), largely comprised of local youth, plays a central role in organizing attractions and promoting the site. However, tourism development remains suboptimal due to unequal distribution of economic benefits, lack of tourism education and training, and poor road access. Development strategies are directed towards strengthening tourism education, enhancing digital promotion through collaboration with tourism influencers, and positioning Embung Tanjung Anom as a leading tourism destination in the region. This study proposes a strategic model for community-based tourism development that emphasizes synergy among communities, government, and the private sector to achieve sustainable tourism outcomes. Keywords: Community-Based Tourism, Embung Tanjung Anom, Pokdarwis, development strategy, sustainable tourism.

The Kayutangan heritage area still maintains the architectural forms from its Dutch colonial heritage. The attractions of this form include: cultural heritage buildings, burial sites, irrigation canals and tunnels, the krempyeng market, and events. The purpose of this research was to describe and analyze the application and impact of cultural tourism with the community-based tourism (CBT) concept in the Kampoeng Kayutangan heritage area in Malang City. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to analyze the factors of sustainable tourism development. The results showed that the existing application in the area, covering economic, social, cultural, environmental and political aspects, is already based on the CBT concept. In the economic dimension, the source of funds comes from ticketing or donations allocated for tourism development. However, the economic impact of this tourism has been limited because the impact has not been achieved by the people themselves. In the social dimension, tourists are warmly welcomed when visiting this tourist attraction, which upholds a spirit of togetherness and kinship in serving guests. In the cultural dimension, there is an exchange of ideas where the idea will be accepted and applied for better tourism development. In the environmental dimension, the existing management in this area has not yet implemented 3R, but the management applies segregation and the existing sanitation system is good. In the political dimension, decision-making regarding tourism in this area is carried out by the local tourism community in the Kayutangan Heritage’s Pokdarwis (Tourism Awareness Group).
 Keywords: cultural tourism, community-based tourism, Kayutangan Heritage, Malang City 1.

This research raises the Bantayan Tourism Development Model Based on Community Based Tourism (CBT) for Strengthening the Sense of Belonging among the Community by measuring the Arnstein Participation Ladder. The research is motivated by the emergence of awareness of the younger generation in the development of tourism in Bantayan, Seunuddon sub-district by utilizing the existing potential of marine tourism, so that Bantayan becomes a tourist destination that is visited especially during the holiday season. By using the Community Based Tourism (CBT) Model, Empowerment Communication will see a sense of belonging among the Bantayan Community in tourism development, so that the Qualitative Research Method with a Qualitative Descriptive Approach. The results showed that the management of Bantayan beach tourism is dominated by people outside Bantayan due to limited capital in managing tourism, Bantayan people are involved in parking and security management. While BUMG Camar Laut is a supplier of goods to cafes along the Bantayan beach. The level of community participation in Bantayan tourism management is limited to parking management through parking contracts that are carried out every two weeks. Tourism awareness groups manage land leases and parking contracts. The allocation of income from land rent and parking is thirty percent for the tourism awareness group and seventy percent for the construction of the Mosque and Islamic boarding Schools. The Bantayan Community-based Tourism model is still not fully implemented, because the role of the community is still very minimal.

The purpose of this research is to find out Community Based Tourism in Sustainable Tourism Development in Baubau City. The type of research used in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that Community-Based Tourism Development is to involve the community as in the development planning deliberation process, where the government and the community are together in managing tourism objects. In addition, tourism awareness groups also receive benefits from tourism activities by increasing the economy from tourism activities in Baubau City. Ensuring Environmental Sustainability is to ensure the sustainability of the environment so that it is not damaged or polluted, it is necessary for the role of the government, NGOs, and the community not to damage the physical environment at tourist sites. In addition, providing support both in the form of materials and policies such as providing character education counseling is an effort made in maintaining local character and culture in tourism areas in Baubau City.

This study aims to analyze the application of Community Based Tourism in the development of the Bandar Kidul Ikat Weaving Tourism Village, Kediri City. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Research informants include the Sub-Coordinator of Tourism Object Development of the Kediri City Culture, Tourism, Youth, and Sports Office, Tourism Awareness Group, weaving and culinary MSMEs, craftsmen, and visitors. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the stages of data collection, data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. Based on the research results, the application of the Community Based Tourism (CBT) principle in the Bandar Kidul Ikat Weaving Tourism Village, Kediri City, as stated by Harold Goodwin and Santilli (2009), has been successfully implemented and has had a positive impact on improving community welfare, as follows: 1) Social Capital and Empowerment: Participation, Active community participation in various tourism activities has strengthened cultural identity and provided tangible economic benefits; 2) Local Economic Development, a community-based tourism ecosystem has created jobs and encouraged the growth of local businesses that increase residents' income; 3) Commercial Viability: Sustainability, the preservation of weaving culture accompanied by innovation and the involvement of the younger generation ensures sustainability and becomes a source of community welfare; and 4) Collective Benefits: Capacity Building, ongoing training increases community capacity in managing tourism and opens up new economic opportunities through increased tourist visits.

This research examines the management of indigenous community-based tourism villages in Ngadas Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency, East Java. Ngadas Tourism Village offers significant tourism potential by maintaining local customs and culture, as well as pristine natural beauty. In its management, the local community, together with the Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS), plays an active role in various activities such as homestay management, special vehicle rental to get to Bromo Crater, as well as preservation of culture and the surrounding environment. The purpose of the study was to determine the management of the Ngadas Indigenous Tourism Village based on Indigenous Peoples. Research on the indigenous community-based Ngadas traditional tourist village uses a descriptive qualitative method that uses data collection techniques through interviews and observations in the field. The result of this research is that Ngadas Tourism Village has homestay and guesthouse facilities managed by the local community, as well as serving culinary specialties such as corn rice. The village also maintains traditions such as the Bantengan dance and the entas-entas ceremony, as a tourist attraction. Tourism village management that involves local communities not only has a positive impact on economic aspects, but also helps preserve culture and the environment. In conclusion, effective tourism village management in Ngadas Village prioritizes local community empowerment, environmental sustainability, and cultural preservation, which are the main attractions for tourists.

This study aims to identify and describe tourism potential, community-based tourism village development, and the five dimensions of community-based tourism development in Tumaluntung Village, Kauditan District, North Minahasa Regency. The research was conducted in September-November 2023 by collecting primary data through questionnaires and interviews with the Tourism Office, village government, Tourism Awareness Group, and local communities. Secondary data were obtained from various related sources. The research sample amounted to 43 respondents who were randomly selected. The results showed that Tumaluntung Village has natural and cultural tourism potential that has fulfilled the four main elements of tourism: attractions, accessibility, facilities, and institutions. Community participation is seen in the planning, implementation, and supervision stages of tourism village development. The success of community-based tourism is measured through five dimensions: economic, social, cultural, environmental, and political. However, the achievement of each indicator in these dimensions is still not optimal, especially in the economic aspect, because tourism activities are still not running actively. Several inhibiting factors include limited development funds, suboptimal management of tourism potential, lack of promotion, and low community participation in tourism management. In addition, village-owned enterprises and Tourism Awareness Groups have not played their role optimally, while accessibility and infrastructure in some attractions are still inadequate. Therefore, a better management strategy is needed to develop Tumaluntung Tourism Village in a sustainable manner.

Visiting tourist villages has become an alternative tourism trend favored by both domestic and international tourists. This trend is driven by tourists’ desire to gain new experiences and discover unique and distinctive natural and cultural attractions. Cireundeu Traditional Village is an increasingly visited destination, especially by students, university students, and academics. The management of these tourist villages is based on community involvement, known as Community-Based Tourism (CBT), where the participation of the local community is essential. This research aims to explore and analyze how the organizational communication of the Pokdarwis (Tourism Awareness Group) is carried out with mentors, fellow administrators, and the community in the context of managing the Cireundeu Traditional Village. The research seeks to identify communication patterns, obstacles, and the effectiveness of the communication strategies implemented. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data was collected through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with members of the Pokdarwis, mentors, administrators, and local community members. Data analysis was conducted thematically to identify key patterns and themes in organizational communication based on local wisdom. The results show that Pokdarwis’ organizational communication is mostly acquired autodidactically. They can effectively understand and implement organizational communication functions and flows based on local wisdom. The Pokdarwis can communicate vertically, horizontally, and diagonally with mentors, fellow administrators, and the community. They can also express ideas and views, inform, empathize, and coordinate in the management of the Cireundeu Traditional Village. The organizational communication behavior of the Pokdarwis is based on local wisdom communication traditions, which include the principles of mutual learning, caring, nurturing, and sharing. It also involves relational foundations such as compassion for others, respect for lineage, etiquette, courteous behavior, and self-control.