Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a deadly malignancy with a high prevalence worldwide. A reliable biomarker that can predict the prognosis is required to determine the therapeutic strategy. TIP30 was first identified as a tumor suppressor. A number of mechanistic studies indicated that the downregulation of TIP30 enhances the stemness, migration and survival of NSCLC cells. However, the clinical relevance of TIP30 for the prognosis of NSCLC is unknown. From a meta-analysis of public microarray datasets, we showed the upregulation of TIP30 mRNA expression was associated with worse overall survival of NSCLC patients, which contradicted the tumor suppressive role of TIP30. It is worth noting that the TIP30 mRNA expression was not correlated with its protein expression in 15 NSCLC cell lines. The results from the immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray showed the downregulation of the TIP30 protein expression was associated with a higher risk of metastasis. In addition, the decrease in TIP30 protein was correlated with worse overall and progression-free survival of the NSCLC patients. Multivariate analysis suggested the loss of TIP30 protein was an independent factor to predict the poor prognosis of NSCLC. Our data indicated that TIP30 protein, not mRNA, would be a potential prognostic biomarker of NSCLC.
Highlights
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for nearly 80% of these cases [1,2]
To evaluate whether the Tat-interacting protein 30 (TIP30) expression level could be a biomarker for the disease progression of lung cancer, we first studied the correlation of TIP30 mRNA levels and the prognosis of lung cancer patients from the publicly available microarray datasets in the PrognoScan database
The results revealed that the NSCLC patients with higher TIP30 mRNA expression showed worse overall survival than those with lower TIP30
Summary
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for nearly 80% of these cases [1,2]. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC in recent decades, the prognosis for patients with recurrent or advanced lung cancer remains poor [3,4]. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of NSCLC progression and the identification of valuable prognostic biomarkers to classify the relapse risk for NSCLC patients are eagerly desired. The 30-kDa Tat-interacting protein (TIP30), known as HTATIP2 or CC3, was initially identified as a tumor suppressor and is involved in many biological events at various stages of tumor progression, J.
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