Abstract
Metallic miniature products have been highlighted as mini-/micro-structural components working as a precise mechanism, in dispensing systems, and in medical operations. In particular, the essential mechanical parts such as pipes and nozzles have strength and hardness sufficient for ejecting viscous liquids, solders, and particles. A low-temperature plasma nitriding process was proposed as a surface treatment to improve the engineering durability of stainless steel mini-/micro-pipes and nozzles. Various analyses were performed to describe the inner nitriding process only, from the inner surface of pipes and nozzles to their depth in thickness. AISI316 pipes and AISI316/AISI304 nozzle specimens were used to demonstrate by plasma nitriding for 14.4 ks at 693 K that their inner surfaces had a hardness higher than 800 HV.
Highlights
Pipes and nozzles are typical mechanical parts for transporting gaseous and liquid media and depositing liquid- or melt-drops onto material surfaces and interfaces in joining, soldering, and drawing processes [1]
That formation of precipitates has a possible risk of deteriorating the inner surface quality of through-holes in miniature nozzles
In the present high-density, low-temperature nitriding, the inner surface of nozzles and pipes is selectively nitrided by the hollow-cathode effect
Summary
Pipes and nozzles are typical mechanical parts for transporting gaseous and liquid media and depositing liquid- or melt-drops onto material surfaces and interfaces in joining, soldering, and drawing processes [1]. Many devices and sensors are joined onto liquid crystal panels by adhesives, which are deposited onto the joined interface [2]. Digital camera units are integrated into cellular phones by accurately joining a series of functional parts. Dimensional accuracy and integrity is preserved by joining via adhesive droplets. These nozzle outlets contact and hit the joined surfaces; the stainless steel nozzles often deform and become damaged in the joining process. The ruby nozzle is often selected for sufficient hardness in operation
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