Low-Latency Space-Air-Ground Integrated Access Control and Service Bearing Considering Spatial-Domain Coverage Hole

Campbell examines programmes related to the earth and atmospheric sciences that have attracted particular criticism for their populist, sensationalist and problematic content. The chapter concentrates on the so-called ‘weather porn’ programmes, those which focus on extreme weather and natural disasters. Campbell contrasts techniques relating to claims to the real and visual authenticity used in conventional science programmes with those used by programmes on natural disasters, where the experiential immediacy of the typically amateur cameraperson is often favoured over the sober exposition of scientific experts. In focusing on disaster impacts, the destruction of built capital and imaging disasters through the use of CGI Campbell argues ‘weather porn’ programmes are part of the cultural tradition of the apocalyptic sublime response to extreme weather and natural disasters.

Climate change is associated with an increase in the frequency of extreme weather that threatens emotional well-being, with some research pointing to increased vulnerability among older adults. We investigated how age relates to depression and anxiety following adversities due to extreme weather or natural disaster. Socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) posits that older age buffers against emotional distress. The strength and vulnerability integration model (SAVI) posits that this age-related advantage is attenuated during periods of acute stress. Members (n = 9761, M age = 52.22, SD = 16.36 yrs) of a nationally representative, probability-based US internet panel, the Understanding America Study (UAS), reported their experience with extreme weather or natural disaster (e.g., severe storms, tornado, flood), associated adversities (e.g., property loss), and depression and anxiety over the past month. Of the 1075 respondents experiencing extreme weather or natural disaster, 216 reported related adversity. Those experiencing adversity reported more anxiety and depression than those with no events, while extreme weather or disaster alone made no significant difference. Consistent with SST, older age was associated with less depression and anxiety. This age-related benefit was most apparent among those experiencing weather- or disaster-related adversity, even when controlling for socio-demographic correlates. Findings highlight age-related emotional resilience with implications for climate change policy and practice.

A distributionally robust resilience enhancement model for transmission and distribution coordinated system using mobile energy storage and unmanned aerial vehicle

In natural disasters, due to the damage of infrastructure, the traditional mobile communication is affected, which brings great obstacles to the actions of rescue teams. Meanwhile, emergency communication vehicles cannot provide timely communication services under the conditions of complex terrain. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which can be quickly deployed and provide satisfactory emergency service, is a promising means to address the communication issue in emergency situations. In this paper, a Master-Slave UAV model, which can provide reliable communications quickly for a wide range of disaster areas, is proposed. In the proposed Master-Slave UAV model, the master UAV is fixed, and the slave UAV is flying with a circular trajectory centered on the master UAV. The coverage radius of the master UAV, bandwidth allocation, and the circular trajectory radius of slave UAV are investigated to maximize the minimum throughput of all users. Simulation results demonstrate that a significant throughput gain can be achieved by the proposed solution.

An integrated access control in heterogeneous distributed database systems

In this paper, we investigate a UAV-assisted communication system based on data caching at the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In the network, two ground users (GUs) request data stored in a local station (LS). However, direct links from the LS to the GUs are assumed to be unavailable due to unexpected or emergency circumstances such as natural disasters or complex terrains. Herein, a UAV is dispatched to cache the data in the LS and then transmit data to the two GUs by using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique. In order to address the energy limitation issue, energy harvesting is applied in which the UAV can prolong its operation time by harvesting solar energy from the ambient environment. Besides, the UAV is assumed to move along a circular trajectory around a fixed center. We consider a joint caching and resource allocation algorithm to deal with the Markov decision process problem for maximizing the long-term data transmission rate of the system. In particular, we propose a novel scheme based on value iteration-based dynamic programming to obtain the optimal policy in which the UAV can allocate an optimal transmission power for the GUs in each time slot. The simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

With the adequately analysis of attribution and forming mechanics of the extreme weather disasters, such as gale, hail, rainfall and drought in Hunan Province, 32 theory indexes covered weather background, population, economy and transportation system was chosen. In order to selected right indexes, an empirical study is conducted by subject degree analysis and importance analysis based on large sample data from questionnaires of exerts in this area. The evaluation system consisting of 21 indexes from 4 dimensions of the background of weather disasters, the hazard evaluation of disasters, measures for recover and the vulnerability of stricken things is constructed at last. The evaluation result of winter storm disaster in Hunan Province proves its feasibility.

With enterprises increasingly depending on Web services to build complex information systems, security problems especially the services access control problems are becoming serious issues. For the cross-domain, dynamic, fine-grained requirements of composite services access control in Web services multi-domain environment, we propose a composite Web services access control model combining the idea of attribute based access control. Then, elements and relations among elements in our model are formally described. In our model, composite Web services access control policies can be composed according to the relations of services composition and access control policies of component Web services. The access control for services parameters, single Web services and composite Web services are all supported in our model. We have implemented a prototype of our model and put forward the work process of our model. Finally, the advantages over traditional access control models are showed by analyzing characteristics of our model.

Unpredictable extreme weather, climate events and natural disasters have the potential to upset the normal life processes of plants, animals and human being. Central Himalayan Region (CHR) is known for its biological richness as well as vulnerability to natural disasters. Focus areas of natural disaster studies are damage to human lives, live stock and property. Plant genetic resources hardly get place in natural disaster management. Keeping the glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) during June 2013 in Kedarnath region of the Uttarakhand province of India in view, the present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the damage to livelihood and plant genetic resources and find out possible solution to conserve the available genetic diversity and minimize the damage to livelihood.

Recently, natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and fires have posed significant challenges to Search and Rescue (SAR) operations. The rapid and accurate gathering of environmental information from affected areas, along with the efficient transportation of relief supplies and personnel, is crucial to the success of post-disaster response efforts. Traditional ground-based SAR methods are often hindered by complex terrain and disrupted transportation infrastructure, which makes it challenging to reach the core areas of disaster-affected zones quickly. In this case, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based technology has emerged as a promising solution for post-disaster relief, offering high flexibility and rapid response capabilities. However, the autonomous flight control of UAVs in such complicated environments remains a challenge, especially in areas with numerous obstacles. Planning UAV flight trajectories efficiently and safely in dynamic environments remains an open problem. This study proposes a dual-scale trajectory planning scheme to improve the efficiency and safety of UAVs in post-disaster relief efforts. Specifically, the A* algorithm is employed for large-scale trajectory planning to avoid large, fixed obstacles, while the connected potential field method is used for small-scale trajectory planning and swarm formation to dynamically avoid moving obstacles and maintain communication connectivity in real time. By combining these two approaches, the proposed scheme enables efficient and safe UAV flight control in disaster areas, thereby enhancing the overall effectiveness of SAR operations.

The world has entered a compound risk era with multiple crises, and the adverse impact of trade friction and extreme weather disasters on China’s barley import has become increasingly prominent. In this context, this study uses superimposed epoch analysis and partial equilibrium model to evaluate the impact of extreme weather disasters in China’s major barley-exporting countries on China’s barley industry in the course of China–Australia trade friction. The results show that: (1) extreme weather disaster caused barley production in France and Canada to decrease by 7.95% and 18.36% respectively; (2) when the two external shocks occur at the same time, China’s barley import volume tends to decline compared with the basic scenario, the import price rises sharply, there are certain trade-diverting effects in barley import, and China’s imports from countries not affected by extreme weather disasters will increase to a certain extent; (3) China’s barley production remains at a low rate of growth and is vulnerable to external shocks, facing certain import risks. This study provides important policy implications for preventing import risks and ensuring the sufficient supply of domestic barley.

Climate change is a major public health emergency. Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis, landslides, wildfires, and volcanic eruptions) have been increasing in frequency and severity and can cause lasting psychological sequelae. Older adults are highly vulnerable to the physical and mental health impacts of extreme weather and natural disasters. A narrative review was conducted to identify and summarize English-language articles focusing on the impact of climate change on older adults’ mental health. Sixty sources were identified. This review summarizes age-specific risk factors, clinical presentations (including anxiety, depressive, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and sleep disturbances), and management of psychiatric symptoms linked to climate change in the geriatric population. Older adults are highly vulnerable and can experience multiple mental health symptoms as a result of climate change. Clinicians should be aware and educated regarding the mental health impacts of climate change on older adults, so they can best support their patients.

Electric power networks face vulnerabilities from various hazards, including extreme weather and natural disasters, resulting in prolonged outages and service disruptions. This paper proposes prosumer-centric networked electrical microgrids as a solution. EMGs integrate DERs, like SPV panels, WTs, BESSs, and BEVs, to form autonomous microgrids capable of operating independently during grid disruptions. The SMA was used to identify the appropriate allocation of DERs and BEVs to improve the resilience of the system. Prosumers, acting as both producers and consumers, play a crucial role by generating and sharing electricity within the microgrid. BEVs act as mobile energy storage units during emergencies. Load management and demand response strategies prioritize the energy needs for essential facilities, ensuring uninterrupted operation during adverse weather. Robust communication and control systems improve the emergency coordination and response. The resilience analysis focused on two case studies: moderate and severe damage, both under varying weather conditions. Simulations and experiments assessed the microgrid performance with different levels of DERs and demand. By testing on the IEEE 69-bus RDS, evaluated the EMGs’ strengths and limitations, demonstrating their potential to enhance distribution grid resilience against natural disasters.

ABSTRACTGreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continue to affect the climate; extreme weather events frequently exacerbate global climate risks, leading to significant reflections on climate change and sustainable development due to immense losses from natural disasters. This paper develops a dynamic three‐stage network directional distance function (DDF) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The model is used to evaluate the efficiency of China's Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG13) and assess the efficiency across three stages: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, climate change, and disaster management. The innovation of this paper is that, compared to previous studies, the selected variables align more closely with the targets of SDG13, and the model is more systematic. Additionally, based on efficiency performance, provinces are categorized into four warning levels, and a comparative analysis is conducted by grouping the 30 provinces into seven geographic regions. This approach offers a more robust foundation for policymaker decision‐making. Results indicate that China's SDG13 efficiency is concerning; GHG emissions perform best, followed by climate change, with disaster management being the weakest. Regionally, North and East China excel in green and low‐carbon development and disaster management, while Northwest China demonstrates the poorest performance. The evaluation of Total‐Factor Efficiency for key indicators revealed that CO2 and PM2.5 emission efficiencies are relatively acceptable. However, indicators reflecting the capacity to respond to extreme weather and natural disasters, such as the population affected and economic loss, demonstrate significant vulnerabilities.

Georgia’s mountainous and rugged terrain presents a critical challenge for the provision of timely and effective medical assistance during both armed conflicts and natural disasters. Limited ground accessibility, unpredictable weather, and dispersed population centers significantly delay casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) and the delivery of life-saving medical care within the "golden hour." Simultaneously, Georgia—like many other nations—faces a growing shortage of qualified military medical personnel, which further limits its capacity to respond efficiently in crisis situations. This paper proposes an integrated solution that combines unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), artificial intelligence (AI), and telemedicine technologies under the principles of Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC). Through this approach, UAVs equipped with advanced sensors can rapidly detect casualties; AI algorithms can analyze vital signs and injury data; and telemedicine systems, connected to a centralized Command and Control (C2) medical center, can guide first responders or even untrained individuals in providing effective life-saving care. Furthermore, AI-assisted triage and UAV-based medical logistics can optimize resource allocation, ensuring that medical personnel and supplies are deployed rationally and efficiently across complex terrains. This study argues that the integration of UAVs, AI, and telemedicine—when structured in alignment with TCCC’s core principles of immediate care, tactical field management, and evacuation—can provide Georgia with a strategic, innovative, and sustainable framework for modern military and humanitarian medicine. The model emphasizes the rational use of limited medical resources, the enhancement of casualty survival rates, and the expansion of tactical medical capabilities within the constraints imposed by Georgia’s topography.