Low-energy singlet excitations in spin-[formula omitted] Heisenberg antiferromagnet on square lattice

Abstract

We present an approach based on a dimer expansion which describes low-energy singlet excitations (singlons) in spin-12 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on simple square lattice. An operator (“effective Hamiltonian”) is constructed whose eigenvalues give the singlon spectrum. The “effective Hamiltonian” looks like a Hamiltonian of a spin-12 magnet in strong external magnetic field and it has a gapped spectrum. It is found that singlet states lie above triplet ones (magnons) in the whole Brillouin zone except in the vicinity of the point (π,0), where their energies are slightly smaller. Based on this finding, we suggest that a magnon decay is possible near (π,0) into another magnon and a singlon which may contribute to the dip of the magnon spectrum near (π,0) and reduce the magnon lifetime. It is pointed out that the singlon–magnon continuum may contribute to the continuum of excitations observed recently near (π,0).