Abstract
Dead space after rectal resection in colorectal surgery is an area with a high risk of complications. In this study, our goal was to develop a novel 3D implant based on composite hydrogels enriched with fractionalized nanofibers. We employed, as a novel approach in abdominal surgery, the application of agarose gels functionalized with fractionalized nanofibers on pieces dozens of microns large with a well-preserved nano-substructure. This retained excellent cell accommodation and proliferation, while nanofiber structures in separated islets allowed cells a free migration throughout the gel. We found these low-concentrated fractionalized nanofibers to be a good tool for structural and biomechanical optimization of the 3D hydrogel implants. In addition, this nano-structuralized system can serve as a convenient drug delivery system for a controlled release of encapsulated bioactive substances from the nanofiber core. Thus, we present novel 3D nanofiber-based gels for controlled release, with a possibility to modify both their biomechanical properties and drug release intended for 3D lesions healing after a rectal extirpation, hysterectomy, or pelvic exenteration.
Highlights
Pelvic surgeries, especially those that are extensive such as extirpation of the rectum, hysterectomy, or pelvic exenteration, result in the development of dead space
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Among the more striking advantages is their biomimetic character, which resembles the structure of an extracellular matrix
Summary
Especially those that are extensive such as extirpation of the rectum, hysterectomy, or pelvic exenteration, result in the development of dead space. This is often a reason for postoperative complications, such as bowel obstruction due to a relocation of small bowels into the dead space and their adhesion, hematoma, abscess, or perineal hernia. Autologous materials, predominantly omental and myofascial flaps, have mostly been used The disadvantages of these matrices are that the omentum or muscle flaps’ length, number, and mobility are limited and often insufficient [1–3] and the associated surgical techniques are time-consuming and technically challenging [4–7]
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