Looking into the Emotional Readiness of the Public Elementary Learners in the New Normal: A Qualitative Inquiry

This study aimed to assess the perception of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) information provision and the health protective behavior as potential factors of feelings of anxiety and happiness among the general population in Indonesia during the outbreak. We conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques. The online survey collected information about demographic data, information provision of COVID-19, health prevention behaviors, and feelings of anxiety and happiness. This study involved 3,686 participants in Indonesia in the period from 2<sup>nd</sup> of April to 4<sup>th</sup> of April 2020. We found that the most frequent source of information reported was social media. The majority of participants were satisfied with the amount of information provided (98%), however 54% of the participants reported that no information or very little information about the screening/test and the treatment of COVID-19 was provided. The most frequent protective behaviour was implemented cough attitude, avoided handshake, and applied physical distancing. High exposure of Information about COVID-19 and doing preventive measures were associated with greater anxiety. Nonetheless, some preventive measures appeared to be positively associated with feelings of happiness. Our results give an indications about the information provision, application of preventive measure and the factors associated with feelings of anxiety and happiness.

Next to physical health problems and economic damage, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated lockdown measures taken by governments of many countries are expected to cause mental health problems. Especially for adolescents, who highly rely on social contacts with peers, the prolonged period of social isolation may have detrimental effects on their mental health. Based on the mood management theory, the current study examines if social media are beneficial for adolescents to cope with feelings of anxiety and loneliness during the quarantine. A survey study among 2,165 (Belgian) adolescents (13-19 years old) tested how feelings of anxiety and loneliness contributed to their happiness level, and whether different social media coping strategies (active, social relations, and humor) mediated these relations. Structural equation modeling revealed that feelings of loneliness had a higher negative impact on adolescents' happiness than feelings of anxiety. However, anxious participants indicated to use social media more often to actively seek for a manner to adapt to the current situation, and to a lesser extent as a way to keep in touch with friends and family. The indirect effect of anxiety on happiness through active coping was significantly positive. Participants who were feeling lonely were more inclined to use social media to cope with lacking social contact. However, this coping strategy was not significantly related to their happiness feelings. Humorous coping was positively related with feelings of happiness, but not influenced by loneliness or anxiety. To conclude, social media can be used as a constructive coping strategy for adolescents to deal with anxious feelings during the COVID-19 quarantine.

Automatic recognition of student emotions from facial expressions during a lecture

This study examined the role of stress-related growth as a mediator of the associations between spirituality, religiosity, and feelings of happiness and sadness in a sample of 178 HIV-positive Indian adults. Results indicated that spirituality, but not religiosity, was associated with feelings of happiness and sadness. Subsequent mediation analyses indicated that stress-related growth fully mediated the relationships involving spirituality and feelings of happiness and sadness. Overall, our findings point to the importance of facilitating greater spiritual development among HIV-positive Indians, as well as promoting strategies that help them develop and apply stress-related growth coping methods in their lives.

When COVID-19 became a pandemic, distant learning was adopted. As a result, teachers have had to work despite circumstances and stressors that may have affected their mental health. This study determined the teaching competencies and coping mechanisms in the new normal education among public elementary teachers in Oquendo 1 District, Schools Division of Calbayog City. The study employed a descriptive-correlation design using a survey questionnaire to gather the necessary data and information for the investigation. The tool was pilot tested and then subjected to a reliability test using Cronbach's alpha. In this study, 78 teachers from public elementary schools were selected using a combination of complete enumeration and convenience sampling techniques. Based on the result, the level of teaching competencies gained an interpretation of ‘competent across its variables such as instructional delivery, classroom management, formative assessment, and personal competencies. Moreover, personal competencies have the highest level, while formative assessment has the lowest level. Problem-focused, emotion-focused, and appraisal-focused coping mechanisms were interpreted as 'agree' based on the overall computed mean. Moreover, emotion-focused has the highest level of coping mechanism, while appraisal-focused is the least. Therefore, it can be inferred that public elementary teachers have prepared themselves to be skilled and competent in their teaching profession, which is relevant to the needs and demands of the new normal education. Moreover, they have adopted coping strategies or mechanisms that help them overcome the challenges and difficulties of the new normal education, allowing them to adjust and fit into the new educational environment. One of its recommendations is to provide ongoing training to public elementary school teachers to ensure that their pedagogical and professional competence continues to improve.

Navigating grief Pedagogy in Midwifery: Insights from interviews with clinical midwifery educators.

Research about students’ affective engagement in teacher written corrective feedback in EFL classroom has not given enormous concern. Therefore, this present study focuses on investigating students’ affective engagement towards teacher written corrective feedback. Case study was used as the research design. Four high school students involved in this research. Data were collected from multiple resources, including semi-structured interview and documentation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the obtained data. The findings revealed that students’ affective engagement towards teacher written corrective feedback include students’ emotional involvement in curious learning activity, teacher written corrective feedback perceived by students in balance emotion- feeling of happiness and sadness, and teacher written corrective feedback stimulates students to engage cognitively.

Child protection policies are essential for keeping children safe and secure rights and well-being in educational settings, addressing issues such as abuse, neglect, and exploitation. This systematic review examined teachers’ awareness and schools’ responsiveness to child protection, which are vital for ensuring that children are safe and well-supported within public elementary and secondary schools in the Philippines, focusing on policy implementation and teacher awareness. The review employed a systematic methodology, utilizing databases such as Google Scholar, ERIC, and Scopus, which helped find relevant studies published between 2020 and 2024. Using the PRISMA Flow tool, the selection of research papers involved three stages: (1) identification, (2) screening, and (3) inclusion. During the identification phase, a total of 380 studies were selected for review. All the studies were chosen based on the criteria that articles must be published, must undergo peer-reviewed journals and have citations, must reported in English, must have public Elementary and High School Respondents, must be Quantitative and qualitative method, accessible, and can be found online, must have 5-year recency (2020-2024), must have abstract and must not be duplicated. Furthermore, thematic analysis is employed to extract and synthesize data on teachers’ awareness and schools’ responsiveness to these policies. Findings revealed significant variability in teachers’ awareness and school responsiveness. Although there is an increased awareness of child protection policies, their practical implementation remains inconsistent. Factors influencing implementation include the adequacy of teacher training, resource availability, and the effectiveness of policy communication. The review identified a need for improved training programs and more robust monitoring mechanisms to ensure the effective enforcing child protection policies. The study provided evidence-based recommendations for enhancing teacher training and policy enforcement, aiming to improve the protection and welfare of children in public elementary and secondary schools in the Philippines.

Objetivo: conhecer os sentimentos vivenciados por mulheres que experienciaram uma gestação de alto risco. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo e descritivo, realizado no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, no sul do país. As participantes foram selecionadas a partir da relação de prontuários de mulheres atendidas nas consultas de pré-natal de alto risco. Foram entrevistadas dez mulheres com idade superior a 18 anos, consideradas gestantes de alto risco e cujo parto ocorreu no máximo há dois anos. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados conforme a análise de conteúdo temática da proposta operativa. Resultados: emergiu a categoria “sentimentos de mulheres que vivenciaram a gestação de alto risco” e como subcategorias os sentimentos de medo, ansiedade, tristeza e felicidade. Discussão: evidenciou-se a exacerbação de sentimentos, muitas vezes contraditórios, pois mesmo com medo e ansiedade sentiam-se felizes, o que também é descrito na literatura.

Overcoming Barriers to Care for College Students.

Despite more autism research taking place than ever before, there is a disconnect between the current landscape of autism research and what autistic people and their allies want from research. While participatory research has been proposed as a potential solution, we know little about how researchers (particularly, early career researchers) employ this approach. We interviewed 25 researchers (14 early career and 11 established researchers) about their views and experiences of participatory autism research. Through reflexive thematic analysis of interview and focus group data, we identified three themes. First, our participants emphasised the flexible nature of participatory research, and the many forms it can take; yet noted that this flexibility could cause confusion. Second, our participants highlighted the importance of building relationships with research partners, while commenting on the challenges around effective communication and working with diverse groups of people who may have limited research experience. Finally, participants described the challenges of working within academic environments that are not conducive to participatory research (e.g. due to limited time, funding and support). We discuss these issues with regard to changes required at both an individual and systemic level, ensuring that efforts are made to meaningfully involve autistic people and their allies in all stages of the research process.Lay abstract‘Participatory autism research’ refers to ways of involving autistic people and their allies (e.g. family members) in making decisions about research. These decisions can include what research gets done, how it gets done and how research findings are used. While there is more and more interest in participatory autism research, we know little about how researchers at different stages of their careers use this approach. To find out more, we discussed these issues with 25 researchers. Fourteen of these were at an early stage of their careers, and 11 were more senior researchers. We spoke to people in individual interviews or in groups. We then used a technique called thematic analysis to analyse our data, which involved us looking for common topics or ‘themes’ discussed by our participants. What did we find? Our participants told us that participatory autism research was a flexible approach, meaning that autistic people can be involved in research in many different ways. While people viewed this flexibility in a positive way, it also caused some confusion about what does or does not ‘count’ as participatory research. Our participants also spoke about how important it was to build relationships with those involved in their research, but they also said it could be difficult to communicate well with diverse groups of people who may not have much experience of research. Finally, our participants said it was hard to do participatory research when there was not much time, funding or support available to researchers. In this article, we discuss these findings, focusing on what needs to change to ensure that autistic people and their allies are meaningfully involved in autism research.

Arif Rahman,. 2021. Survey of Physical Education Facilities and Infrastructure Elementary School in Winong Sub-District Pati Regency. A Final Project. Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang. Advisor: Roas Irsyada S.pd.,M.pd.
 Keywords: Physical Education, survey, facilities, infrastructure.
 The background of this research is based on preliminary observation indicates that there is need for data about the availability and condition of facilities and infrastructure to support physical education learning in Kedu Sub-District Elementary School, Temanggung Regency. The purpose of this research is to know the results conditions of physical education learning facilities and infrastructure at the elementary school in Kedu Sub-District Temanggung Regency.
 The research method used is a survey with a quantitative descriptive approach. The research site is located in Temanggung Regency with a research target of 10 elementary schools in Winong Sub-district Pati Regency. Data collection techniques using quota sampling techniques. Instruments used using observations, interviews with Principals and Physical Education Teachers, observation sheets and documentation. Data collection includes the number of tools, the number of tools, the number of facilities, the condition of the tool, the condition of the tool and the condition of the facility. The analysis used is quantitative descriptive by classifying the types of data obtained from observation sheets and grouped.
 Based on the data analysis that has been carried out in the Survey of Physical Education Facilities and Infrastructure in Public Elementary Schools in Winong District, Pati Regency, it can be concluded that the results of the study on the condition of the number of physical education learning facilities and infrastructure in Public and Private Elementary Schools in Winong District, Pati Regency from 10 It is known that all elementary schools are in the Enough category (100%). Then the condition of the number of Physical Education learning tools in the State Elementary School, Winong District, Pati Regency, out of 10 elementary schools it is known that there are 2 schools in the good category (20%), there are 8 elementary schools that fall into the sufficient category (80%) and 0 schools are in the good category. less ( 0% ).
 This research concludes that the facilities and infrastructures in elementary school in Winong sub-district Pati Regency are in medium category. The suggestion given by researchers is for the Pati Regency government to more attention to the facilities and infrastructure available at the elementary school in Winong sub-district and physical education teachers can support and modify the facilities and infrastructure available at the school especially in Public and Private Elementary Schools in the Winong District, Pati Regency.

BackgroundThe shift toward a biological definition of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to increased use of biomarkers (e.g., amyloid, tau, APOE genotype) in research settings. As return of biomarker results becomes more common in AD research, understanding how participants perceive and make decisions about receiving individual research results is essential for ethical trial design and informed consent practices.Objective(1) To map and appraise the landscape of qualitative and mixed-methods research focused on perspectives of AD research community members related to biomarker result sharing in AD research settings; and (2) to synthesize findings on decisional needs of research participants considering whether to receive individual biomarker or genetic risk information.MethodsWe searched PubMed and EMBASE for qualitative and mixed-methods studies published between January 2012 and January 2025. Eligibility criteria included empirical studies reporting qualitative data on experiences, attitudes, or decision-making processes related to receiving AD biomarker or genetic results in research contexts.ResultsOf 3269 records screened, 42 records were assessed for eligibility and 8 met inclusion criteria and were included in our final analysis. Participants emphasized empowerment through research participation and desire for knowledge related to research results. Across studies, decisional needs, characterized as "aspects of decision-making" clustered around four domains: (1) clarity of biomarker meaning and limitations, (2) emotional readiness and support, (3) social consequences of disclosure, and (4) alignment with personal values and future planning.ConclusionsFindings can inform the development of ethically grounded protocols for returning individual research results in preclinical AD trials.

Objective: Childbirth can be a significant and transformative experience, yet for some women, it is marred by trauma, leading to profound psychological effects. This study aims to explore the psychological effects of childbirth trauma on women's subsequent birth experiences, focusing on understanding how past trauma influences mental health, coping mechanisms, and perceptions of future births. Methods and Materials: This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach to gain in-depth insights into the personal experiences of 24 women residing in Tehran who had experienced childbirth trauma and subsequently gave birth again. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software, following a thematic analysis approach to identify key themes and subthemes. Findings: Three main themes were identified: psychological impact of childbirth trauma, coping mechanisms, and subsequent birth experiences. The psychological impact included subthemes of anxiety and fear, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), guilt and self-blame, and social withdrawal. Coping mechanisms encompassed seeking professional help, support from family and friends, positive reframing, self-care practices, and religious and spiritual beliefs. Subsequent birth experiences included increased vigilance and control, fear of re-experiencing trauma, positive birth preparation, emotional readiness, and empowerment and advocacy. Conclusion: The study highlights the significant and lasting impact of traumatic childbirth on women's mental health and their subsequent birth experiences. Addressing the psychological aftermath of such trauma through early screening, comprehensive support systems, and empowering birth preparation is crucial for promoting maternal well-being and positive birth outcomes. Culturally sensitive care and targeted interventions can further enhance the support provided to women, helping them heal from trauma and approach future births with confidence.

The study explored the teachers’ perception on healthy school climate in public elementary schools of Davao City Division. Also, it investigated the association of the involved variables of teachers’ perception on healthy school climate. With the use of probability sampling, 156 public elementary teachers were selected as the respondents in the quantitative phase while 10 informants were invited in the in-depth interview. Utilizing the sequential explanatory mixed methods approach, the data collated were analyzed through the use of Mean and Regression Analysis while thematic analysis was used in qualitative phase. Results revealed that there was a high teachers’ perception on healthy school climate which was confirmed by the responses of the informants. In particular, administrative dimension and technical function are high while institutional dimension is moderately high. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the healthy school climate when analyzed by school category. This led to the acceptance of the null hypothesis. In the qualitative phase, the informants confirmed that healthy school climate is evident in the school regardless of the school category. Based on the findings, it was further suggested that higher officials in the Department of Education may identify means on how to strengthen the teachers’ perception on healthy school climate. More so, future researchers may further explore the involved variables considering other factors and research methods. Keywords: Healthy School Climate; Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Approach; Davao City Division, Philippines