Abstract
Objective:This study aims to investigate the association of long-term weight-change slopes, weight fluctuation and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in middle-aged Japanese men and women.Methods:A total of 4234 participants of Aichi Workers’ Cohort Study who were aged 35–66 years and free of diabetes in 2002 were followed through 2014. Past body weights at the ages of 20, 25, 30, 40 years, and 5 years before baseline as well as measured body weight at baseline were regressed on the ages. Slope and root-mean-square-error of the regression line were obtained and used to represent the weight changes and the weight fluctuation, respectively. The associations of the weight-change slopes and the weight fluctuation with incident T2DM were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models.Results:During the median follow-up of 12.2 years, 400 incident cases of T2DM were documented. After adjustment for baseline overweight and other lifestyle covariates, the weight-change slopes were significantly associated with higher incidence of T2DM (hazard ratio (HR): 1.80, 95% confident interval (CI): 1.17–2.77 for men; and HR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.07–7.23 for women), while the weight fluctuation was not (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00–1.18 for men and HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.84–1.25 for women).Conclusions:Regardless of the presence of overweight, the long-term weight-change slopes were significantly associated with the increased risk of T2DM; however, the weight fluctuation was not associated with the risk of T2DM in middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as well as is a non-communicable disease with disabling and life-threatening complications
This is the first study to explore the association between the weight-change slope, the weight fluctuation since early adulthood, and the T2DM incidence among Japanese population
This study showed significant positive associations between the long-term weightchange slopes and subsequent risk of T2DM after adjustment for many possible potential confounding variables, including baseline overweight, Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lifestyle factors
Summary
This study aims to investigate the association of long-term weight-change slopes, weight fluctuation and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in middle-aged Japanese men and women. After adjustment for baseline overweight and other lifestyle covariates, the weight-change slopes were significantly associated with higher incidence of T2DM (hazard ratio (HR): 1.80, 95% confident interval (CI): 1.17–2.77 for men; and HR: 2.78, 95% CI: 1.07–7.23 for women), while the weight fluctuation was not (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00–1.18 for men and HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.84–1.25 for women). CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the presence of overweight, the long-term weight-change slopes were significantly associated with the increased risk of T2DM; the weight fluctuation was not associated with the risk of T2DM in middle-aged Japanese men and women. Nutrition & Diabetes (2017) 7, e252; doi:10.1038/nutd.2017.5; published online 20 March 2017
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