Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine nocturnal sleep measures of healthy and well developed pre-term infants by birth weight when they were averaged 15 corrected months and became elementary school children. Sleep measures were collected by actigraphs (Micro-mini RC, Ambulatory Monitoring Inc., New York, USA). Nocturnal sleep quality of children born as extremely low birth weight (ELBW) was significantly inferior with that of children born as very low birth weight (VLBW) at 15 corrected months [number of night waking: 6.0 (4.5 - 8.0), ELBW 8.5 (7.0 - 10.3) (Z = 2.47, p < 0.01), wake after sleep onset: VLBW 99.0 (73.0 - 115.0) min, ELBW 146.5 (94.8 - 171.3) min (Z = 2.89, p < 0.01)]. However, these measures did not show any significant differences by birth weight at second data collection period [number of night waking: VLBW 0.0 (0.0-1.0), ELBW 1.0 (0.0 - 2.5) (Z = —0.62, n.s.), wake after sleep onset: VLBW 16.0 (8.0 - 27.0) min, ELBW 15.0 (6.0 - 32.5) min (Z = 0.00, n.s.)]. It was assumed that nocturnal measures were affected by the birth weight at the age of 15 corrected months in ELBW infants, but could not predict the future sleep problems at this point.
Highlights
Improvement of prognosis among preterm infants in neonatal medical treatment has advanced dramatically [1]
More than 80% of extremely low birth weight infants are surviving every year after the year 2000 in Japan
It was reported that the incidence of developmental disorders among extremely low birth weight ELBW infants were 25% in attention-deficit/hyper-activity disorder (ADHD), 20% in learning disorder and 7% in pervasive developmental disorder in Japan [3]
Summary
Improvement of prognosis among preterm infants in neonatal medical treatment has advanced dramatically [1]. An association between preterm infants and developmental disorders has been of current interest in Japan. It was reported that the incidence of developmental disorders among extremely low birth weight ELBW infants were 25% in attention-deficit/hyper-activity disorder (ADHD), 20% in learning disorder and 7% in pervasive developmental disorder in Japan [3]. These results were 2 - 10 times higher than the results which were reported in 2003. Preterm infants are needed to be routinely assessed with their development, and establishing strategy of early detection is one of the urgent issues in Japan
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