Abstract
BackgroundAggregation of α-synuclein is central to the pathophysiology of PD. Biomarkers related to α-synuclein may be informative for PD diagnosis/progression.ObjectivesTo analyze α-synuclein in CSF in drug-naïve PD, healthy controls, and prodromal PD in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative.MethodsOver up to 36-month follow-up, CSF total α-synuclein and its association with MDS-UPDRS motor scores, cognitive assessments, and dopamine transporter imaging were assessed.ResultsThe inception cohort included PD (n = 376; age [mean {standard deviation} years]: 61.7 [9.62]), healthy controls (n = 173; age, 60.9 [11.3]), hyposmics (n = 16; age, 68.3 [6.15]), and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (n = 32; age, 69.3 [4.83]). Baseline CSF α-synuclein was lower in manifest and prodromal PD versus healthy controls. Longitudinal α-synuclein decreased significantly in PD at 24 and 36 months, did not change in prodromal PD over 12 months, and trended toward an increase in healthy controls. The decrease in PD was not shown when CSF samples with high hemoglobin concentration were removed from the analysis. CSF α-synuclein changes did not correlate with longitudinal MDS-UPDRS motor scores or dopamine transporter scan.ConclusionsCSF α-synuclein decreases early in the disease, preceding motor PD. CSF α-synuclein does not correlate with progression and therefore does not reflect ongoing dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Decreased CSF α-synuclein may be an indirect index of changes in the balance between α-synuclein secretion, solubility, or aggregation in the brain, reflecting its overall turnover. Additional biomarkers more directly related to α-synuclein pathophysiology and disease progression and other markers to be identified by, for example, proteomics and metabolomics are needed.
Highlights
Aggregation of α-synuclein is central to the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD)
376 PD, 173 healthy controls (HCs), 32 prodromal iRBD, and 16 prodromal hyposmic participants had complete data, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); their demographic and clinical data at baseline visits are shown in Table 1A and Table 1B
Comparison of participants with CSF baseline and longitudinal data versus those with baseline data showed that PD participants who dropped out after baseline had slightly worse cognitive performance shown on HVLT (P = 0.039), SDMT (P < 0.001), LNS (P = 0.031), and in BJLO (P = 0.002)
Summary
To analyze α-synuclein in CSF in drug-naïve PD, healthy controls, and prodromal PD in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative
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