Abstract
This research aimed to analyze trends in functional autonomy of the Portuguese population with 65 years and over, between 1985 and 2005 and find the variables that best explain disability. Data sources comprise the four National Health Surveys (NHS) undertaken so far in Portugal (1987, 1995, 1998, 2005). The study is descriptive and correlational. A regression model was constructed to explain a disability index that was built from the variables related to functional autonomy included in the 2005NHS. There was a negative Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) between 1987 and 1995NHSs and 1998/2005NHSs (−2.67 %) but between 1995 and 1998 the CAGR was positive (3.12 %). Variables that explain disability were age, sex, education, income, chronic diseases and self-perception of health status.. In the timeframe considered by the NHS authors found no defined trend in the prevalence of disability. The underlying reasons may be related, on the one hand, by the improvements in the living conditions of the Portuguese population from the 80’s but, in the other hand, this fact led to a progressive increase of the cohort with 85 years and more, much more vulnerable to chronic diseases.
Highlights
The exercise developed throughout this paper is to briefly review systems theory, applications and implications to industrial management and, once having a general frame that serves as a basis for thinking and conceptually concluding, explaining the consequences of strategic fast supply-demand chains as possible destructive arrangements for stable relationships, collaborative planning and profitable games for all the participants in a supply or network chain configuration
High entropy values may show arrangements composed by a large number of potential companies, as partners, and eventually signalling the trend to a focal company to participate in strategic fast supply-demand chains and, in consequence, to lose the ability to stabilize partnerships and to profit from deep relations, trust and joint work
The paper will focus on five main issues in order to explore strategic fast supply-demand chain arrangements main aspects of systems theory and relations with SCM; 2) strategic fast supply-demand chains created over broad network contexts; 3) types of companies interested in strategic fast supply-demand chains or fast network chains, with short times for creation and for destruction of such chains/networks; 4) some conclusions
Summary
The exercise developed throughout this paper is to briefly review systems theory, applications and implications to industrial management and, once having a general frame that serves as a basis for thinking and conceptually concluding, explaining the consequences of strategic fast supply-demand chains as possible destructive arrangements for stable relationships, collaborative planning and profitable games for all the participants in a supply or network chain configuration Within this frame (system theory, largely disseminated in the industrial management community) one may emphasize the importance of a certain degree of stability and trust and analyse the consequences of having a value of entropy (high value of entropy) that exposes an high and equal probability of having several potential relationships between a focal company and other latent participants (being suppliers, clients—remembering that good clients are not all the possible clients—or complementors) in a supply chain. High entropy values may show arrangements composed by a large number of potential companies, as partners, and eventually signalling the trend to a focal company to participate in strategic fast supply-demand chains and, in consequence, to lose the ability to stabilize partnerships and to profit from deep relations, trust and joint work
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