Long-range directional transport of valley information from transition metal dichalcogenides via a dielectric waveguide.

Abstract

Understanding the chiral light-matter interaction offers a new way to control the direction of light. Here, we present an unprecedently long-range transport of valley information of a 2D-layered semiconductor via the directional emission through a dielectric waveguide. In the evanescent near field region of the dielectric waveguide, robust and homogeneous transverse optical spin exists regardless of the size of the waveguide. The handedness of transverse optical spin, determined by the direction of guided light mode, leads to the chiral coupling of light with valley-polarized excitons. Experimentally, we demonstrated ultra-low propagation loss which enabled a 16 µm long propagation of directional emission from valley-polarized excitons through a ZnO waveguide. The estimated directionality of exciton emission from a valley was about 0.7. We confirmed that a dielectric waveguide leads to a better performance than does a plasmonic waveguide in terms of both the directional selectivity of guided emission and the efficiency of optical power reaching the ends of the waveguide when a propagation length is greater than ∼10 µm. The proposed dielectric waveguide system represents an essential platform for efficient spin/valley-photon interfaces.