Location optimization of electric vehicle charging stations: Based on cost model and genetic algorithm

Abstract

Nowadays, the development of new energy science has gradually entered a good situation, and accordingly, electric vehicles have been recognized by people all over the world and rapidly popularized in various countries. However, the rapid growth of electric vehicles has caused a series of problems, such as insufficient number of charging stations, uneven distribution, and high cost, which are becoming increasingly serious. In order to solve the above problems, this paper takes Ireland as an example for research. Based on the collection of relevant information, this paper first tries to build a social total cost model, and calculates the total operating cost of charging stations under various distribution conditions. In this model, the total social cost is subdivided into comprehensive economic cost and environmental cost. Economic costs include construction costs and fees, while environmental costs include electricity consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. Secondly, this paper established a charging station location optimization model based on genetic algorithm, which simplified the Irish territory into a rectangle with a length of 350 km and a width of 200 km, subdivided it into small squares, and adjusted the correlation coefficient to meet the charging demand. This solution solves the minimization problem of operating cost under the constraints of depreciation period of charging station, power consumption per unit distance of charging station and vehicle charging probability. Finally, in order to determine the factors that may have a significant impact on the total cost of charging stations, we conducted sensitivity analysis and found that the total cost is very sensitive to the number of charging stations and the possibility of EV charging per day.