Localized Heat Treatment for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy over Time.

Abstract

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) can produce a myriad of symptoms. The effective treatment of MGD can reduce the burden of this condition. Although several studies have indicated that TearCare (Sight Sciences, Menlo Park, CA) is an effective treatment for MGD, no studies currently provide information regarding the duration of efficacy. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the duration of efficacy of symptom relief and improvement of signs (as measured by gland function) for a treatment consisting of controlled heating of the meibomian glands using SmartLids (Sight Sciences) combined with manual expression of the liquefied meibum by a physician. This study involved retrospective analysis of data gathered from a single-center ophthalmology/optometry practice. Symptoms were assessed using the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, and the signs were assessed using the meibomian gland expression (MGE) scores before and at several time points (8 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months). Further analysis evaluating the efficacy in subgroups based on age, race, and sex was performed. There were 78 patients included in this study. The mean baseline SPEED score decreased from 14 to 7.9 at 8 weeks. The mean SPEED scores at 6 and 12 months were maintained at 7.7 and 7.9, respectively, and at 18 months went to 8.9. At baseline, the mean MGE was 4.9 in the right eye and 4.8 in the left eye. In both eyes, the mean MGE increased to 9.0 in both eyes at 8 weeks. At 6 months, the mean MGE score was maintained at 8.6 in the right and 8.2 in the left and remained consistent at 12 months with 7.8 in the right and 7.8 in the left. At 18 months, the MGE score went to 6.8 in the right eye and 7.0 in the left eye. A single TearCare treatment effectively reduced both the symptoms and signs of MGD and maintained its effects for 12 months.