Abstract
In order to solve the problem of unbalanced load consumption of nodes for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), this paper proposes a load-balanced routing algorithm based on cluster heads optimization for wireless sensor network. The proposed algorithm first applies first-order wireless transmission model to calculate the optimal number of clusters, then calculate nodes competitiveness rating by fuzzy algorithm considering the residual energy of node and distance from the node to base station, cluster head selection uses unequal clustering algorithm according to the competitiveness of nodes. By node competitiveness and energy management mechanism which cooperate with each other to select the best cluster heads. Use connected optimization between clusters to search multi-hop paths base station for reducing energy consumption of node, and consider transmission energy consumption, residual energy, transmission distance and other factors. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm compared with LEACH and UCDP algorithm, can balance loading and effectively extend the life cycle of wireless sensor network.
Highlights
There are a large number of nodes in wireless sensor networks, which are difficult to replenish with limited energy consumption
When the wireless sensor networks working for some time, some cluster heads (CHs) nodes that closer the base station (BS), inter-cluster communication energy consumed, the more to die in wireless sensor networks
The greater of different of variance, the greater scattered of the node death. It can be seen from the data in this paper, ECPF algorithm makes the network energy consumption balance. This is due to the fuzzy competition mechanism and the energy management mechanism can effectively control the probability that the election of cluster head nodes, and low energy refusal to avoid node premature death and prolong the lifecycle of the node, Enhancement of high-energy node increase enough nodes utilization of resources, avoid the energy consumption distribution imbalance, realize the energy balance of wireless sensor network
Summary
There are a large number of nodes in wireless sensor networks, which are difficult to replenish with limited energy consumption. Clustering routing algorithm is a clustering to optimize the data fusion, thereby reducing the node direct communication with the base station algorithm It can reduce the node energy consumption at the same time, improving network scalability. Aiming at the problem of excessive energy consumption in long-distance communication between multiple CHs and base stations in LEACH, literature [7] considered the energy and location of nodes in clustering to optimize the cluster structure. We propose a load-balanced routing algorithm (ECPF) based on cluster heads optimization in Wireless Sensor Network. Using unequal clustering algorithm for CH selection, selecting the best CH node; Stage of establishing paths between the CHs connected multiple hops routing algorithm to BS according to influence the factors such as transmission of energy consumption,residual energy and transmission distance. The energy receiving formula is: Ere(c t)=n
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