Abstract
Potassic alteration domains of greenstone belt lode gold deposits are characterized by systematic partitioning between lithophile elements. K, Rb, and Ba are generally co-enriched and linearly correlated over almost three orders of magnitude in abundance, where K/Rb = 220–400 and K/Ba = 30–85; K/Cs (~104) and K/Tl (~2 × 104) are also correlated, though more weakly. Lithium abundances and Rb/Sr ratios are erratic in altered rocks. These interelement trends, collectively, are present in deposits variously hosted by ultramafic, mafic, or felsic volcanic rocks and sediments or granitoids. Magmatic processes involving crystal fractionation of biotite, K-feldspar, and plagioclase generate trends to systematically diminished K/Rb (≥50), K/Li, K/Cs, and K/Tl but enhanced K/Ba (≤8 × 103) and Rb/Sr in most differentiates. Such late-stage trends are the rule in magmatophile deposits, including the Archean Cadillac molybdenite deposit, Phanerozoic Cu- and Mo-porphyry deposits, Sn–W greisens, and most...
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