Abstract
Lithological Differences in the Deposits of Closed Basins in the Upper Parsęta Catchment (Western Pomerania) Basins without outlets, found in abundance in West Pomerania, display a great lithological diversity. Differences in the lithology in the upper Parsęta catchment result from the processes of areal deglaciation during the Vistulian Glaciation (Karczewski 1989). Intraglacial accumulation, action by fluvioglacial water, and direct glacial accumulation have produced various sedimentary series and their mosaic-like pattern. The youngest sedimentary series have developed during fluvial, aeolian and organogenic accumulation (Kostrzewski et al. 1994a). The lithology of most of the closed basins in the catchment largely features fine diamictic sands which pass into sandy diamicton at 100 cm, then medium diamictic sands which turn into fine sands at depths of 50 and 100 cm, and massive diamictic sands which turn again into sandy diamicton at 100 cm. In the catchment of a closed evapotranspiration basin equipped with measuring instruments, the predominant deposit is sands, especially medium-grained ones. Much less abundant are diamictic sands and sandy diamictons, and silts occur only sporadically. Such a lithological diversity is responsible for different rates of the water cycle recorded in the particular parts of the study area.
Highlights
Basins without outlets are a permanent element of the landscape of the postglacial zone within the temperate zone; they occupy a substantial proportion of the area
The lithology of most of the closed basins in the catchment largely features fine diamictic sands which pass into sandy diamicton at 100 cm, medium diamictic sands which turn into fine sands at depths of 50 and 100 cm, and massive diamictic sands which turn again into sandy diamicton at 100 cm
The effects are reflected in their soil covers and lithology
Summary
Basins without outlets are a permanent element of the landscape of the postglacial zone within the temperate zone; they occupy a substantial proportion of the area. They can be found in abundance in West Pomerania. The water cycle system in the catchments of such basins in a postglacial area is a carrier of dissolved matter and determines their operation. The initial hypothesis adopted was that lithological differences were responsible for the different water cycle rates recorded in the particular parts of the study area. In some catchments without outlets or their parts, the lithology favours a quick response to precipitation and accelerates. That is why one of the stages of the research was a study of the lithological differences in deposits and their characteristics in the many closed depressions, which is intended to provide a background for later publications concerning a proper interpretation of hydrological processes occurring in small catchments without a surface runoff
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