Abstract
The authors use a combination of positive and negative muon spin rotation and relaxation to investigate fluctuations of nuclear magnetic fields in an olivinetype Li-ion battery material.
Highlights
The diffusion coefficient of Li+ (DLi) is one of the key parameters to determine the charge and discharge rate of any Li-ion battery
Positive- and negative-muon spin rotation and relaxation (μ±SR) was first used to investigate fluctuations of nuclear magnetic fields in an olivine-type battery material, LiMnPO4, in order to clarify the diffusive species, namely, to distinguish between a μ+ hopping among interstitial sites and Li+ ions diffusing in the LiMnPO4 lattice
While DLi is usually determined with lithium nuclear magnetic resonance (Li-NMR) [1], such determination is extremely difficult for materials that contain magnetic ions [1,2] because of the contribution of electron spins to the spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1)
Summary
The diffusion coefficient of Li+ (DLi) is one of the key parameters to determine the charge and discharge rate of any Li-ion battery. While DLi is usually determined with lithium nuclear magnetic resonance (Li-NMR) [1], such determination is extremely difficult for materials that contain magnetic ions [1,2] because of the contribution of electron spins to the spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1). Electrochemical measurements face difficulty in estimating DLi due to the absence of information on the real surface area of materials in a liquid electrolyte [3,4]. We started a project to measure DLi with positive muon spin rotation and relaxation (μ+SR) through the observation of fluctuations in the local magnetic fields due to the magnetic moments of Li nuclei diffusing in the lattice [7].
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