Abstract
A novel liquid-feed flame spray pyrolysis synthesis with reducing post-heat treatment yielding highly phase pure nano-sized and carbon-coated Li2MnSiO4 is reported. In contrast to most reported Li2MnSiO4 synthesis routes, aerosol combustion methods are highly scalable and not as time consuming as most wet chemical syntheses. Flame spray pyrolysis was performed using solutions with varying ratios of H2O, EtOH and p-Xylene. The importance of solution combustibility to form loosely agglomerated nanoparticles is highlighted. Particles from the p-Xylene-aided flame spray pyrolysis showed a mean particle size of 20 nm and Pmn2 1 structure after annealing and carbon coating. The electrochemical performance as a cathode material was assessed by galvanostatic cycling and in situ XRD in half cells. The highest discharge capacity observed was 190 mAh g−1 at room temperature and a rate of C/50.
Highlights
At present, rechargeable Li-ion batteries outperform all other battery concepts with respect to volumetric and gravimetric energy density
In the Mn sub-stoichiometry series almost no difference in discharge capacity was detectable, which is probably due to comparable phase purity and the fact that all synthesised samples showed a Mn stoichiometry
It was shown that the combustibility of the precursor solution had a major impact on the particle morphology and the resulting electrochemical performance
Summary
Keywords: Li-ion batteries, Li2MnSiO4, flame spray pyrolysis, scalable synthesis, high capacity Supplementary material for this article is available online Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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