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Abstract
The growing recognition that first-generation biofuels from food crops and oil seeds are inadequate has spurred global discussions on sustainable renewable energy production. This concern has increased interest in second-generation biofuels from non-food feedstocks, such as algae. Azolla is identified as a highly promising macroalgae for the production of biodiesel. This study investigates the efficiency of lipid extraction and biodiesel quality from Azolla, a promising macroalgae. Characterization techniques including GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and NMR 1H and 13C (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy were employed. The findings show that the kinematic viscosity and flash point of the biodiesel are 4.32 mm2/s at 40 °C and 165 °C, respectively. Trace element analysis revealed no major environmental concerns. Overall, the biodiesel produced from Azolla demonstrates potential as a sustainable and locally supplied substitute for diesel fuel in utility vehicles.
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