Abstract
The near complete genome sequences of ten field avian orthoreovirus (ARV) strains collected from young chicken between 2002 and 2011 in Hungary have been determined in order to explore the genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms affecting ARVs in this region. Sequence analyses and phylogenetic calculations revealed similar geographic distribution and distinct evolution in case of eight studied strains that were closely related to the recently described Hungarian strain T1781. The remaining two strains showed the highest similarity with the US origin AVS-B. The topology of the phylogenetic trees of certain segments was affected by several potential homologous reassortment events between strains of Hungarian, Chinese and US origin. Analyzing the μB gene a possible heterologous reassortment event was identified in three Hungarian strains. Recombination events were detected in as much as a dozen cases implying that beside point mutations and reassorment this mechanism also plays an important role in the diversification of ARVs. All these mechanisms in concert may explain the reduced effectiveness of immunization using commercial vaccine strains.
Highlights
No data gastrointestinal signs, necrotic enteritis, airsacculitis, pericarditis, yolk sac retention necrotic enteritis, heart failure airsacculitis, pericarditis uneven growth rate, gastrointestinal signs lameness, necrotic enteritis, pericarditis, respiratory signs airsacculitis, necrotic enteritis, pericarditis necrotic enteritis, heart failure, nephritis, pericarditis uneven growth rate, necrotic enteritis, gout, foot pad ulcer
The near complete genome sequences of ten, randomly selected Hungarian chicken Avian orthoreoviruses (ARVs) isolates had been determined by a modified sequence-independent, single-primer amplification method coupled with next-generation sequencing
Our results provide insight into the molecular characteristics of ARV strains randomly selected from a major strain collection
Summary
Necrotic enteritis, airsacculitis, pericarditis, yolk sac retention necrotic enteritis, heart failure airsacculitis, pericarditis uneven growth rate, gastrointestinal signs lameness, necrotic enteritis, pericarditis, respiratory signs airsacculitis, necrotic enteritis, pericarditis necrotic enteritis, heart failure, nephritis, pericarditis uneven growth rate, necrotic enteritis, gout, foot pad ulcer. The number of complete genome sequences available in GenBank is still limited, sequence data collected in the last few years suggest that the genetic material of ARV strains circulating in domestic poultry is continuously changing due to the well-known evolutionary mechanisms of reoviruses, resulting in genetically and antigenically heterogeneous strains. As observed in other RNA viruses, point mutation which is the primary mechanism of genetic and antigenic drift is relatively common Antigenic shift, another evolutionary strategy, occurs when cognate genome segments reassort, and this mechanism is thought to be the driving force of the emergence of novel strains causing disease in poultry[1].
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