Abstract
Limitation of liability of shipowner can based on property or can be personal - shipowner responds to certain part of the property (for example ship) or his entire assets to a certain amount. In the first case it is a real, and in the other the personal limitation of liability. On these principles all international instruments in this legal field have been developed. One of the well-known 'universal' principle of civil law says that the injurer must pay for a damage in full, in full extent and amount. However, when we are applying provisions of maritime law (as well as transport law in general) on the liability for damages and its compensation, the situation is quite opposite. Though, that the amount of suffered damages is coming closer to said universal principle of civil law has been confirmed by Amendments to the Protocol to the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims 1996 (LLMC 1996). These Amendments increased amount of general (global) limitation of liability for maritime claims by 51% compared to the amounts in LLMC. Increased amounts are applicable from 8th June 2015. Regarding these amendments, a number of issues can be placed: justification for introducing the institute of limitation of liability in general; reasons why the injurer is privileged in maritime (and broader in transport), in the context of the amount of the obligation of compensation for damage; and whether the application of the institute undermine the principle that is enshrined in the legal system of every modern country, according to which the injured party has the right to just compensation. On the other hand, justice can be taken as well as an argument just to implement the limitation of liability system.
Highlights
Упркос чињеници да сама Конвенција наводи да ће се у сваком конкретном случају на ограничење одговорности применити било који национални или међународни систем ограничења одговорности према праву које се примењује у држави странци на чијем се подручју загађење догодило, повећање износа ограничења одго ворности из LLMC 1996 имат ће одмах непосредан утицај на висину осигу равајуће покрића, а тиме и на премије осигурања
Може се закључити да све измене које иду за неоправдано високим границама одговорности, иако су предузете у доброј намери (заштите оште ћених), немају увек најбољи резултат и чак могу бити на штету оштећених ако државе не прихвате такве међународне инструменте па они никада не ступе на снагу, или ступе на снагу само за узак круг држава у којима ће се примењивати
Summary
Република Хрватска се одлучила за решење према којем је бродар који жели ограничити своју одговорност дужан основати фонд ограничене одговорности, па ако се бро дар позива на ограничење одговорности, а фонд ограничене одговорности није основан, одговарајуће се примјењују одредбе члана 397.
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