Abstract
Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is very efficient when using a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) system. However, the optimum temperature conditions for the hydrolysis of cellulosic materials might not be the same as the optimum sugar fermentation temperature. This study investigated the effect of temperature on hydrolysis and bioethanol production from vetiver leaves (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash) as cellulosic material. The hydrolysis of pretreated vetiver leaves was done using a crude hydrolytic enzyme extracted from N. intermedia. Hydrolysis proceeded efficiently at 50 °C, obtaining the highest enzyme activity of 141 U/g. On the other hand, the bioethanol fermentation from vetiver leaves was performed in a CBP batch mode system which was carried out through two stages of fermentation in the same bioreactor. In the first stage, the N. intermedia was grown under micro-aerobic conditions at room temperature for 48 h. The cultivation was continued in the second stage by setting the fermentation temperature with various fermentation temperatures. The optimum temperature with the highest bioethanol concentration of 6905 mg/L was 45 °C. The kinetic parameters were also validated and obtained based on the growth model simulation.
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