Lessons from a Low-Resource Country: A Narrative Review of Virtual Learning Adoption and Challenges in Medical Education in Iran During COVID-19.

As more educational institutions move from the traditional classroom setting to a more high-tech learning environment with a use of a Learning Management Software (LMS), changes need to be realized in the different changes in the learning needs of adult learners, as well as the overall educational goals. While many adult learners have a variety of learning needs and wants, the educational system in many countries has been slow in changing. However, with the onset of virtual (online) learning, many educational institutions have realized that educational needs for students, business, industry, as well as cultural factors have changed. In today's learning environment, learners have an immediate need for education, but they also need to plan for their educational goals beyond the completion of the course or program of study. Thus, this paper will address the changes in the learning environment, changes for the adult learner and industry, and changes in overall educational goals and those involved in the educational process. I. INTRODUCTION Education has been evolving since the days of Socrates, but some educators have continued to cling on the Socratic method of teaching with no open mind for changes or enhancements. What does this say to our system of education and our future minds if there are not changes, updates or even minor modifications? This paper will help to explore how education has been changing as a result of the technological evolution brought about by the use of personal computers, as well as the innovative and creative approaches and strategies that forward thinkers in the field of virtual (online) learning have presented to the academic community. For the purposes of this paper virtual learning and online learning will be used interchangeably, meaning the same line of thinking but offering a difference of terms used in the industry in various educational institutions which incorporates the use of learning management systems (LMS) in order to provide such virtual learning. While one can ponder the history of education and how it has slowly progressed due to the ―control‖ of certain authorities in government, education, and society, the key aim of this paper will be to provide a quick update on brief historical changes as the paper moves towards discussing today's actual teaching practices. In fact, the foundation of this paper will be focused on virtual learning and its impact on education and the adult learner. Specifically, key segments of this paper will help to build up an argument to demonstrate how current best practices in virtual learning can be applied not only in the virtual learning environment, but also in the Face-to-Face (F2F) physical learning environment (since some people still want to be in a physical classroom for instruction). The next section will provide a brief overview of what is online learning and its role and function in today's education of adult learners.

With a strong demand for online education and project management in deeper scope and larger scale to better fit COVID-19 pandemic situation, exploring new knowledge of online education to make it more effective became vital with the new challenges of STEM education. To resolve the above problem, this paper focuses on various aspects of online STEM education project management where the Enhanced Noyce Explorers, Scholars, Teachers (E-NEST) three-tiered structure was implemented during the COVID-19 period. Two City University of New York (CUNY) institutions, New York City College of Technology (City Tech) and Borough of Manhattan Community College (BMCC) used the three-tiered structure referred to as Explorer, Scholar and Teacher which incorporated advancements in teaching internships, professional development workshops and mentorships remotely. Built upon the theories of engagement, capacity and continuity (ECC) and team-based learning (TBL), this remote learning model and infrastructure had a positive impact on STEM education and project management. The technological tools utilized included Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft teams, Blackboard Collaborate Ultra, Skype and SurveyMonkey. The results from qualitative and quantitative data including project evaluation, online surveys and focus group interviews demonstrate that the modified remote learning and management tools were effective. This indicated that the E-NEST model greatly supported student success and faculty in online learning and project management meetings.The E-NEST STEM education project was compared to two other project management models along with the previous NEST curriculum. Faculty emphasized practicing project management proactively and utilized best practices of classroom and time management consistent with Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) and Project Cycle Management (PCM) guidelines. The comparisons attest that the E-NEST project developed excellent and innovative online platforms for student learning with project management and ECC and TBL applications.Hereafter, this research can be used to constructively develop more online STEM education learning models and platforms and integrate new practice and technology globally. These ideas can contribute to future research that could be applied internationally to STEM education projects in K-12 and higher education institutions.

When the COVID-19 pandemic began, many educational platforms were customized to replace the traditional classroom. Similarly, Google Meet is widely recognized as a leading virtual platform; nevertheless, for those without access to online learning, Google Meet appears to be a support platform for distance learning. Furthermore, the use of Google Meet to create an online learning community has not been extensively studied in Vietnam. This study aims to examine how students perceive Google Meet as an online learning community. A semi-structured interview and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire were used to combine quantitative and qualitative methods. The study involved 294 students from a private school in Vietnam who were familiar with Google Meet. The results showed that in terms of teaching presence (TP), social presence (SP), and cognitive presence (CP), most university students were positive about using Google Meet to create an online learning community. To help English language learners create a dynamic online learning community, challenges and solutions were also listed for fostering an online learning community when using Google Meet for distance education.

In literature and education policies, the teaching of English using remote learning strategies is recommended, but for the most part, teachers are not pedagogically capacitated to teach their respective subjects using technology in South Africa. To explore the experiences of such teachers, this study sought to understand the models and pedagogical initiatives on the teaching of English through remote teaching and learning. Emergency remote teaching by resilient English teachers is an intervention project for resource-constrained secondary schools in South Africa including the period after the Covid-19 outbreak. Circumstances leading to the use of remote learning strategies include lack of access to intellectual and material resources in some schools in Gauteng. An interpretive, qualitative case study was undertaken to explore how teachers use remote learning strategies in teaching English as a second language in township secondary schools. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews (phone calls) and document analysis. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic framework to answer the key research questions. Teachers’ voices, actions and documents on the use of remote learning strategies were collected for analysis yielding themes and patterns. Findings of the study indicate that collaboration, networking, social media communication and other digital literacy practices are teacher initiatives leading to the utilisation of digital connection platforms for socialisation, teaching and learning. The use of distance learning, blended learning, mobile learning and online learning as strategies in times of crisis and in resource-constrained environments help learners and teachers to achieve their outcomes.

The study aims at investigating the STEM faculty members’ perspectives and challenges towards distance learning and virtual classes during the COVID-19 outbreak. The results are compared with those of non-STEM faculty members from the same institution. Data collection was performed at the United Arab Emirates University because of four demographic independent variables: Faculty Gender, Experience, Academic Rank, and Academic Track. The researchers adopted and implemented a questionnaire where its validity and reliability for collecting data have been verified. Mean, standard deviations, and one-way ANOVA tests were conducted. The results indicate that the overall faculty members’ perspectives towards distance learning and virtual classes and tracks (STEM, and humanities, and social sciences) are Medium. The results do not show a significant difference at the level (α = 0.05) for the independent variables: gender, and experience. However, we observe significant differences in the academic track and academic rank. We notice some significant differences in favor of full professors and associate professors as compared to lecturers. We also observe some significant differences between STEM and non-STEM tracks in favor of the former one. The results show that the calculated means for the challenges in using distance learning and virtual classes for the STEM, and humanities and social sciences tracks are Weak. This indicates that there are no apparent challenges that hinder the effort in teaching. The results do not show a significant difference at the level (α = 0.05) for all independent variables: faculty gender, experience, academic rank, and academic track. The study concluded with few recommendations. The university should continue supporting the current efforts to provide all the teaching and learning requirements via distance learning and virtual classes such as suitable infrastructure, internet, smart apps, and technical support. There is always a need for continuous updates of the teaching and learning platforms in line with ongoing development and training for instructors and students.

It is noted that in modern conditions the issue of online education development in Ukraine has become especially acute, in particular, in the development of a long-term program to improve secondary and higher online education and ensure its new level of quality. The article is devoted to determining the need for distance and online education, the differences between them, the necessary forms of communication, the advantages and disadvantages of these forms of education, as well as prospects for distance and online education in Ukraine. It has been identified that online and distance education is viable and effective teaching strategies, but each has its own clear advantages and disadvantages for both teachers and students. The article proves that there are the following differences between these types of education: the location of the teacher and students; interaction between teacher and students; intention of teaching strategy. The authors list the advantages of distance education: distance education can continue without interruption, even in cases such as emergencies or the COVID-19 pandemic; distance education provides more flexibility for students to work at their own pace and review assignments as needed. The article summarizes the main forms of online communication between students and teachers - video conferencing, forum, chat, blog, etc. In addition, the most common web resources for distance education: Moodle, Google Classroom, Zoom and others. The problems that arise in the implementation of distance education have been identified: it is impossible to use distance education if students do not have access to devices or the Internet at home; it is difficult to keep a real contribution of the student to the work; distance education can make falsification even easier than online education; distance education can lead to even more screen time for students. It was concluded that the use of the Internet in teaching is necessary both for teachers who seek to offer their students different ways of learning, and for the students themselves. It has been proven that distance education is most useful for those students who have constant access to technology at home and work responsibly and independently, and it has a clear advantage in the event of an unexpected restriction of classes in the free economic zone.

Abstract
 The edmodo application is a social network in the form of online learning, the edmodo application is a learning platform supported by various advanced features that make the teaching and learning process more effective, efficient, and organized, such as quiz features, files and links, libraries , assignments and others. This application is designed as a tool for teaching and learning activities (KBM) so that students are able to access virtual learning. Edmodo-based e-Learning does not mean replacing conventional learning models in the classroom, but strengthening the model through the use of several features available in the Edmodo application so that the learning process can be presented creatively, and lecturers are able to present interesting learning materials without being limited by space and time. time because learning can be done anywhere and anytime. This research uses a qualitative type of field research (Field Research). Qualitative research method is a research method based on the philosophy of postpositivism, used to examine the condition of natural objects, where the researcher is the key instrument, the sampling of data sources is purposive and snowball, the collection technique is triangulation (combined), the data analysis is inductive /qualitative, and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning rather than generalizations, by formulating two problem formulations, namely; (1) How is the implementation of virtual class Arabic learning based on the Edmodo application at UIN Raden Intan Lampung? (2) What are the factors that support or hinder the implementation of learning Arabic by using Information Technology Learning Management System (LMS) based on the Edmodo Application at UIN Raden Intan Lampung?Based on the results of the research data analysis, it can be concluded that the implementation of virtual class Arabic learning based on the Edmodo application at UIN Raden Intan Lampung is carried out in three stages as proposed by George R. Terry, namely: 1) planning, 2) implementation, and 3) evaluation. At the planning stage, the lecturer prepares several series of learning design plans which include; Preparation of RPS (Semester Learning Plan) which contains learning objectives, learning materials, learning methods, learning resources, and evaluation of learning, then testing various learning files through the Edmodo application, virtual classroom arrangement. At the implementation stage of learning carried out two stages, namely; 50% offline and 50% online or commonly referred to as Blended Learning. At the implementation stage of learning by utilizing the Learning Management System (LMS) based on the Edmodo application, which researchers have implemented, also utilize various features contained in the Edmodo application such as; Library, Assignment, Polling, Gradebook, Quiz, File and Links, Award Badge, Parent Code. While at the evaluation stage, the lecturer carries out virtual classes by giving quizzes to students so that students are able to understand the lecture material that is programmed well, in addition to the evaluation stage, the Mid-Semester Examination (UTS) and Final Semester Examination (UAS) are carried out online with the assistance of the features that exist in the Edmodo application. Overall, the Arabic virtual classroom learning process using Edmodo can change conventional learning to interactive learning.
 Abstrak
 Aplikasi edmodo adalah suatu jejaring sosial yang berbentuk pembelajaran secara daring (online), aplikasi edmodo merupakan sebuah serambi pembelajaran yang didukung dengan berbagai fitur canggih yang membuat proses belajar mengajar lebih efektif, efisien, dan terorganisir, seperti misalnya fitur quiz, file and links, library, assignment dan lain-lain. Aplikasi ini didesain sebagai alat bantu bagi kegiatan belajar mengajar (KBM) sehingga mahasiswa mampu mengakses pembelajaran secara maya. E-Learning berbasis edmodo tidak berarti menggantikan model pembelajaran konvensional di dalam kelas, tetapi yaitu memperkuat model tersebut melalui pemanfaatan beberapa fitur yang tersedia di aplikasi edmodo sehingga proses pembelajaran dapat disajikan secara kreatif, dan dosen mampu menyajikan materi pembelajaran dengan menarik tanpa terbatas oleh ruang dan waktu karena pembelajaran dapat dilakukan dimanapun dan kapanpun.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (Field Research) yang bersifat kualitatif. Metode penelitian kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang berlandaskan pada filsafat postpositivisme, digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah, dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrumen kunci, pengambilan sampel sumber data dilakukan secara purposive dan snowball, teknik pengumpulan dengan trianggulasi (gabungan), analisis data bersifat induktif/kualitatif, dan hasil penelitian kualitatif lebih menekankan makna dari pada generalisasi, dengan merumuskan dua rumusan masalah yaitu; (1) Bagaimanakah implementasi pembelajaran bahasa Arab virtual class berbasis aplikasi Edmodo di UIN Raden Intan Lampung ? (2) Faktor apa saja yang mendukung maupun menghambat dalam menerapkan pembelajaran bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi Learning Managemen System (LMS) berbasis Aplikasi Edmodo di UIN Raden Intan Lampung?
 Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi pembelajaran bahasa Arab virtual class berbasis aplikasi Edmodo di UIN Raden Intan Lampung dilaksanakan dengan tiga tahapan seperti yang dicetuskan oleh George R. Terry yaitu : 1) perencanaan, 2) pelaksanaan, dan 3) evaluasi. Pada tahap perencanaan dosen menyiapkan beberapa serangkaian perencanaan desain pembelajaran yang meliputi; Pengusunan RPS (Rencana Pembelajaran Semester) yang memuat tentang tujuan pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, sumber belajar, dan evaluasi pembelajaran, kemudian dilakukan uji coba berbagai berkas-berkas pembelajaran melalui aplikasi edmodo, penataan kelas maya. Pada tahap pelaksanaan pembelajaran dilakukan dua tahapan yaitu; 50% luring (offline) dan 50% daring (online) atau yang biasa disebut dengan Blended Learning. Pada tahap pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan Learning Management System (LMS) berbasis aplikasi edmodo yang telah peneliti laksanakan juga memanfaatkan berbagai macam fitur-fitur yang terdapat dalam aplikasi edmodo seperti; Library (Perpustakaan), Assignment, Polling, Gradebook, Quiz, File and Links, Award Badge, Parent Code. Sedangkan pada tahap evaluasi dosen melaksanakan kelas maya dengan memberikan quiz kepada mahasiswa agar mahasiswa mampu memahami materi perkuliahan yang di programkan dengan baik, selain itu tahap evaluasi juga dilakukannya Ujian Tengah Semester (UTS) dan Ujian Akhir Semester (UAS) yang dilakukan secara daring dengan berbantukan fitur- fitur yang ada pada aplikasi edmodo. Secara keseluruhan proses pembelajaran bahasa Arab virtual class dengan menggunakan edmodo ini dapat mengubah pembelajaran konvensional menuju pembelajaran yanginteraktif.

Despite the fact that distance education developed in the 90s of the XX century in most countries, now this type of learning is very relevant because of the events taking place in Ukraine. The aim of this paper is to analyze distance learning with its all peculiarities and features, to compare it with online and virtual learning as it is often associated with online and virtual learning. However, these are different concepts. Distance learning has a more detailed design of the lesson and has a relatively clear structure, such as: setting the lesson, goals, assessment of students’ understanding of the lesson material, the content of the lesson, assessment of mastery of the lesson, time frame of the lesson. Tasks should be clear, useful, and understandable. Distance learning, unlike online one, which has emerged as a result of the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, is more thoughtful and active. It is flexible, teaches independence, and expands the capabilities of both teachers and students. The main difference between distance learning and other types of learning is that online learning is the acquisition of knowledge and skills through gadgets connected to the Internet in the “here and now” mode and this format is a continuation of distance learning. Apps like Face Time, Google Hangouts, Skype, Microsoft Teams, Zoom or What’s App can be used to provide these synchronous connections. Among the advantages of distance learning are individualization of learning topics, accessibility, individual consultation with the teacher, effective feedback, ease of viewing and processing the lesson material and others. Distance learning is a multifaceted concept, because it can be understood as anything – sending tasks, tests and independent work. It can be both synchronous and asynchronous, completely independent, or with the support of the teacher at certain stages. Keywords: distant learning, virtual learning, online learning, synchronous and asynchronous learning, independent work.

The article analyzes the spread of COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on all spheres of a human life. The degree of a negative impact of a pandemic is related to the economic level of a country. However, in a case of Ukraine the pandemic was related not only to a state of the economy, but also to the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by an aggressor country, which took place immediately after COVID-19. This has led to dramatic changes in approaches to teaching and learning at the level of a higher education in general and English as a foreign language in particular.The article presents research by scholars on various aspects of the distance learning. Since the beginning of the pandemic, studies have been conducted focusing on various aspects of the distance learning in different disciplines, fields of study and specialties. As the distance learning has not been practiced in education during the pandemic, research has focused on various aspects of education, including an availability of online resources and teaching tools, an impact of the pandemic on teachers, practices, strategies and activities of teachers, students, key challenges or opportunities, and policy management in education.A number of problems related to learning English during the distance learning are listed. In scientific works, scholars summarize following pedagogical difficulties in the distance learning: teachers had to find effective teaching methods that would ensure the effectiveness of the distance learning, adapt their curricula to the new conditions of teaching and using of information technologies.The main types of learning during the pandemic are characterized. The main educational platforms for learning English through distance learning are highlighted. At the beginning of the pandemic, asynchronous learning was the most popular, when students accessed course materials at their own leisure through a system used by many universities with prepared courses on the Moodle educational platform. Using Google Meet and Zoom, teacher organizes video conferences and online classes with students. The potential of YouTube is effectively used by teachers both in the classroom and for students to learn English on their own: online courses, TV shows and movies in English, watching famous bloggers, commenting on videos in English, working with videos and subtitles, listening to songs in English, watching and downloading various videos in English, translating comments on YouTube, subscribing to various language learning channels. The main functions performed by the learning environment as a support for learning English in the distance learning are revealed.

Due to the epidemic disease COVID-19, all of the trainings continued to be given via distance education. Since the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year, courses have been taught via distance education. For the first time, the vast majority of the instructors who delivered these courses offered their courses using Web-based distance education technologies. A new process has been entered due to the epidemic that has affected the world. In this process, educational institutions were caught unprepared. For this reason, since distance education is a new process, it is possible for faculty members to face various problems. Therefore, determining the opinions of the instructors about the distance education process is important for the improvement and development of the distance education system. The aim of this study is to examine the opinions of the lecturers who provide online courses via distance education through the distance education system and to make suggestions for the improvement of the system. For this purpose, interviews with semi-structured questions were held with 15 instructors in Adobe Connect application and the obtained data were analyzed descriptively. The interviews in the zoom application were recorded. The study group of the research consists of faculty members who have not taught online before, using the distance education platform for the first time. The results of the research are determining the opinions of the instructors about technology, online education, competencies, problems and adobe connect. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that the instructors need in-service training to have sufficient information about the online training platforms, they have a sufficient level of interaction with adobe connect connection, and they need immediate communication with the distance education center in technical problems.

The article outlines the contemporary issues of distance learning and the use of the Internet by students during the outbreak of pandemic. The conducted research demonstrates student attitude towards distance learning, its advantages and disadvantages, student perception and acquisition of lecture and seminar material, implementation of online trainings and practical classes. The purpose of this article is to investigate student behavioral, cognitive and emotional reactions to forced distance learning conditions. The authors assume that students, being members of Generation Z, can easily adapt to the new learning environment, quickly organize the learning process, as well as choose preferable online learning platforms. The research proves that 66% of students need from 2 to 4 hours for distance learning; 22% spend from 4 to 6 hours studying remotely and only 12% spend less than 2 hours a day studying in a new way. One third of students (36%) consider the distance learning system quite comfortable, 8% – very comfortable, while a quarter of the respondents (25%) have neutral attitude towards online learning technologies. Students choose the following distance learning platforms the most often: Google Meet (94%) and Moodle (70%). They also use Zoom, Skype, Viber and Telegram in order to keep in touch with teachers and fulfil studying purposes. 19% of students regard distance learning as of a high quality, whereas 75% are currently neutral about this way of learning and only 6% of the respondents consider these necessary innovations ineffective.

Background: The Covid 19 pandemic has disrupted many systems, from health, business, and education to severely restricted religious services. The current solution is to do online learning or online learning from home. Purpose: This research aims to explore data related to student satisfaction with listening learning media facilities using the Zoom and Google Meet applications used during study-from-home activities. Method: The descriptive quantitative method is used to capture student satisfaction. The population of this study was English undergraduate students in semesters 3, 5, and 7 of IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Indonesia. Data was obtained from a questionnaire. There were 30 responses to a survey distributed through the Google Forms application regarding student satisfaction with listening via Zoom and Google Meet learning media Results: The research study results show that most students are satisfied with distance learning via Zoom and google meet, 70% of respondents are satisfied, and 30% are unsatisfied. the majority of students prefer the listening learning model in class compared to listening learning using Zoom and google meet, with a percentage of 73.3%. Conclusion: Distance learning via Zoom and Google Meet is effective and positively impacts lecturer and student communication. Besides that, it encourages them to participate more in listening classes. Urgent distance learning via Zoom and google meet makes English listening courses more engaging. Distance learning via Zoom and Google Meet helps them feel more confident when communicating with classmates and lecturers.

In the era of the fast development of the internet, e-learning has become one of the most important trends. Because of the development of the internet, a revolution of the ways to learn has been happened. Learners can do distance learning through the internet, learning in school is no longer the only way for the learners. Learners can do learning without the limit of the time and place. With e-learning becomes more popular, lots of web-based instruction platforms have been developed. In this study, the researcher designed two methods to do usability testing for the Web 2.0 instruction platform. These usability testing methods are based on the users of web-based instruction platforms. These methods are using for doing web-based instruction platforms usability test, and we can find the problems out of the platforms through the test. This is a Design-based research. The researcher constructed the methodology of usability testing for Web 2.0 instruction platform through the process includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The researcher did a usability testing with Moodle web-based instruction platform of a University in Taipei, and got lots of feedback and suggestions from the users of the platform. These feedback and suggestions will be the ways of modifying Moodle web-based instruction platform, and to make platform more fit for the users. At last, the researcher modified the methods which are constructed for doing the usability testing of Web 2.0 instruction platforms with the feedback of the testers, and developed a handbook for users who’s planning to do instruction platform usability testing. The result of this study: 1.The researcher constructed two methods for doing instruction platform usability testing include usability interview and usability questionnaire survey. These two methods are constructed based on the feedback and suggestion with the experts of usability testing, instruction platform, educational technology and interface design. The result of the usability testing with Moodle web-based instruction platform shows that with these two methods, users can do instruction platform usability testing effectively and rapidly. 2.The handbook which developed in this study is designed based on a specific laboratory. The usability testing process divides into five stages which are: prepare, plan, execution, analysis and present. The handbook may help users who want to do instruction platform usability testing know the whole usability testing process and details. Suggestions to the future research: The instruction platform usability testing methods which constructed by the researcher in this study have only been used once with a Moodle web-based instruction platform. In the future, if the users are going to use these methods to do usability testing with other platform, you will be necessary to do some modification to make these methods fit with the characteristic of the platform.

Recently, education has changed from physical learning to online and hybrid learning. Furthermore, the outbreak of COVID-19 makes them more significant. An online learning management system (LMS) is one of the most prevalent approaches to online and distance learning. The acceptance of the students towards the LMS is significant and it can give either bad or good responses to ensure the success of LMS. However, the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) has not yet implemented any study to examine their LMS. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT2) model is used in this study to investigate students’ Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior when using the LMS in UTHM. This study also introduces a new construct in UTAUT2 named Online Learning Value. 376 respondents took part in this survey. Descriptive Statistics, Reliability Analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Linear Regression analysis were all used to analyze survey data. The outcome of this research is Performance Expectancy (β=0.129, p=0.014), Hedonic Motivation (β=0.221, p=0.000), Online Learning Value (β=0.109, p=0.036) and Habit (β=0.513, p=0.000) has influence on students’ intention to use LMS. Besides that, Facilitating Conditions (β=0.481, p=0.000) are the most important factors in students’ use behavior toward the LMS followed by Habit (β=0.343, p=0.000) and Behavioral Intention (β=0.239, p=0.000). By utilizing the UTAUT2 model, the constructs of technology acceptance related to students' adoption of LMS have been identified and may become a reference to the stakeholders for future enhancement.

The paper focuses on the urgent problems of linguadidactics caused by Covid-19 pandemic and the need to implement online learning at all Ukrainian institutions of higher learning. English for Specific Purposes online learning involves modern methods that are constantly being improved. They are aimed at effective interaction of all participants in the learning process. The Department of Foreign Languages in Lviv polytechnic national university analyzed the feedback from the teaching staff and students concerning methods applied in online classes which were held during the quarantine period in 2020–2021. Observations of teaching experience, as well as the positive feedback from students proved that online learning English for specific purposes can be as effective as the offline one. The study considers a number of important principles that should be followed in order to succeed in distance learning. English for Specific Purposes online tools involved both synchronous and asynchronous methods. The former methods included videoconferences held with the help of various applications, e.g. Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet etc. Asynchronous means consisted of using instant messengers, email, educational platforms, i.e. virtual learning environment of the university based on the Moodle platform. We conducted a survey among students of five groups of different technical specialties. The survey aimed at finding out their opinion concerning effectiveness of ESP online lessons. It helped to discover what kind of difficulties the students had faced. The survey also allowed us to understand which types of activities were better perceived during video conferences in comparison with lessons in the classroom (i.e. listening and watching video). The analysis of the results obtained brought us to a conclusion about the most efficient way of conducting online classes. Thus, a combination of asynchronous and synchronous methods appeared to be the most effective tool for online mastering of ESP. On the one hand, the asynchronous method can be effective to consolidate lexical and grammar material, as well as develop reading skills. On the other hand, synchronous method provides direct communication in the «student-teacher» format and is the most effective means of transmission and acquiring new knowledge in the discipline of English for Specific Purposes. It also develops speaking skills while involving students in work with breakout rooms. The paper also discusses the issue of students’ knowledge and skills assessment. The process of control has become automated and, thus, more convenient. Diagnostic and control works were performed in the form of current and final tests, hosted on the Moodle platform (virtual learning environment of Lviv Polytechnic National University). This greatly facilitates teacher’s work; as such tests contain a convenient option of automatic checking the correctness of students’ answers to the tests.