Abstract

This chapter argues that the elaborate legal structure of minority rights in China is a mechanism to create a loyal minority middle class. The Western discourse of human rights in China typically assumes that China's minority rights law must be a sham because China has an authoritarian state. Some Western journalists and scholars agree with the People's Republic of China (PRC) government that legal reform in China has produced notable advances in human rights. The PRC law of ethnic relations has reached an important juncture after a decade and a half of development. Both international and domestic legal systems seek to regulate ethnic relations. A few countries, such as Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and South Africa, provide compensatory special rights to majority “racial” groups. The official discourse of minority rights in China gives pride of place to the system of regional autonomy, while many outside observers routinely dismiss the system as “fake” or “paper autonomy”.

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