Lean Higher Education: A Model Based On Knowledge Management Experts From The Ministry Of Science, Research And Technology Headquarters

Knowledge management (KM) is maturing as a field of study with an interdisciplinary orientation, being taught in a variety of schools by the faculty from diverse affiliations. In this context, KM curriculum design becomes a major challenge for educators. This study was designed with the purpose of analyzing the perceptions of senior KM academics and KM experts about the relevance and value of KM constructs in graduate programs. KM curriculum content was proposed based on an earlier study of KM modules (Rehman and Sumait, 2010). KM modules: An analysis of course. In Paper presented at the Pre-conference on LIS Education in Developing Countries, 75th Annual IFLA Conference, Milan, Italy; revised version accepted for publication in Journal of Information and Knowledge Management, 2010) about what is being taught in the KM programs. We also used findings of a validated set of KM taxonomy that indicated both the structure of the discipline and disciplinary content expressed in standard terminology (Tan, 2010; Chaudhry and Lee, 2009). Intellectual structure of knowledge management. The International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management, (9)). Two hundred KM academics and experts were identified internationally as potential participants. They were requested to respond to a Web-based survey, indicating their perceptions about the value and relevance of KM statements/modules. Fifty-one of them responded to the survey. The results have indicated that the academics placed a great deal of emphasis on the conceptual foundations of the discipline for its inclusion in the curriculum. KM modules related to KM processes, knowledge sources, KM technology, knowledge organisation, and knowledge sharing received a clear emphasis. It is expected that the findings of this study will be useful for those engaged in curriculum design or revision.

Semantic data management in organizations requires careful design of the appropriate semantic planning model that can best drive the organization to its goals. Therefore, designing a semantic framework to make decisions with minimum error and intelligent use of semantic data is inevitable. Lack of a smart or systematic model or lack of a system in place, lack of timely and appropriate decision making, lack of evidence-based planning processes, departures from governance tasks and addressing or drowning in operational and ongoing work. There are reasons why organizations, especially the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, need to design an appropriate model for this purpose. The purpose of the present study is to design an appropriate and effective planning model in the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in a macro and detailed manner. For this purpose, in the first phase of the research, macro-planning Framework was developed in the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology by designing a heuristic research approach using qualitative research method with Grounded theory. Then, in the second phase, a detailed planning Framework at the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology was designed using the Structured Analysis Method (SSADM). The quality of the designed pattern in both phases of research was evaluated and validated using scientific methods. Finally, the designed model was analyzed and explained and suggestions for future research were presented.

The pursuit of excellence in education has increasingly emphasized the need for systematic quality management frameworks. In this context, Total Quality Management (TQM) and ISO 21001 have emerged as pivotal approaches for educational institutions aiming to enhance student outcomes and institutional performance. This study investigates how these quality management systems are implemented in both developed and developing educational contexts, particularly in Pakistan, where resource constraints, infrastructural gaps, and cultural dynamics pose unique challenges. The mixed-methods design combines a systematic review of global best practices with primary data from Pakistani schools and universities, offering a dual perspective on policy-practice gaps. Drawing from a robust body of literature (137 peer-reviewed studies from 1991–2024) and supplemented by empirical findings (interviews with 16 administrators and 148 survey responses), the study examines the interplay between school culture and quality management practices, emphasizing the mediating role of leadership, stakeholder engagement, and organizational readiness. Notably, qualitative insights reveal that institutional resistance and misinterpretations of quality standards often undermine implementation efforts, necessitating targeted training programs. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) reveals that school culture fully mediates the relationship between quality management and student outcomes (β = 0.41, p < .01), highlighting the importance of collaborative environments. Furthermore, comparative analysis shows that urban institutions adopt quality frameworks more effectively than semi-urban counterparts due to better access to resources and expertise. The results underscore the transformative potential of quality management practices when adapted to educational environments and aligned with institutional goals, while cautioning against bureaucratic implementations that neglect pedagogical realities. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for policymakers, including the need for localized adaptation of international standards and sustained investment in capacity building. References Bazaluk, O., Pavlychenko, A., Yavorska, O., Nesterova, O., Tsopa, V., Cheberiachko, S., ... & Lozynskyi, V. (2024). Improving the risk management process in quality management systems of higher education. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 3977. Bouranta, N., Psomas, E., & Antony, J. (2021). Findings of quality management studies in primary and secondary education: A systematic literature review. The TQM Journal, 33(3), 729–769. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-04-2021-0113 Bukhari, S. T., Rafiq-uz-Zaman, M., & Bano, S. (2025). Analysing the Impact of Education Policies and Their Implementation on the School Education System in Punjab, Pakistan. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 98-110. https://doi.org/10.63544/ijss.v4i1.136 Fitri, A. Z., & Muhajir, A. A. (2025). Model Of A Quality Assurance System Based On ISO 21001: 2018 And Its Application In Education. International Journal of Education Management and Religion, 2(2), 126-140. Jasti, N. V. K., Venkateswaran, V., Kota, S., & Sangwan, K. S. (2022). A literature review on total quality management (TQM) practices in higher education institutions (HEIs). The TQM Journal, 34(5), 1298–1319. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2020-0256 Kovalenko, S. M., Romelashvili, O. S., Zborovska, T. V., & Blagun, O. D. (2020). General aspects of introduction of management systems in educational organizations in pursuance of ISO 21001: 2018. Management, economy and quality assurance in pharmacy, 4(64), 4-9. Khan, S., Alam, M., & Yousaf, A. (2023). Role of school culture in quality management and student outcomes in Pakistan. Frontiers in Education, 8, 1140971. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1140971 Loureiro, A., Monteiro, S., Ribeiro, V., & Lemos, K. (2024). Influential Factors Behind SDGs Related-Disclosure in Large Portuguese Companies: An ISO Certification Approach. In Society and Sustainability (pp. 3-28). Emerald Publishing Limited. Malik, M. S., & Chaudhry, M. A. (2022). How quality management practices lead innovation in higher education: Evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences, 12(3), 45–61. https://ijmres.pk/index.php/IJMRES/article/view/225 Masabanda, J. H. A., Achig, M. F. H., Molina, G. S., Cárdenas, M. V. S., & Garnica, J. D. I. (2025). The role of ISO 21001 in quality enhancement: an analysis of Ecuadorian higher technical and technological institutes. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 6(2), e25032-e25032. Мощенко, І., & Запорожець, О. (2024). TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPLEMENTING THE LEAN SIX SIGMA QUALITY MANAGEMENT MODEL IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS. PART 1: IDENTIFICATION AND MEASUREMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS CRITICAL TO QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS. Metrology & Instruments, (1), 10-10. Nasim, K., Sikander, A., & Tian, X. (2019). Twenty years of research on total quality management in higher education: A systematic literature review. Higher Education Quarterly, 74(1), 75–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/hequ.12227 Pawson, R., & Wong, G. (2014). Unravelling quality culture in higher education: A realist review. Higher Education, 67(6), 667–684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-015-9979-2 Rafiq-uz-Zaman, M., & Ashraf, I. (2025). Academic Needs of Madaris in 21st Century: A Study of Madaris in Tehsil Minchinabad, District Bahawalnagar, South Punjab. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 122-131. https://doi.org/10.63544/ijss.v4i1.141 Ramese, W. K. D., Jayasooriya, S. D., & Lakmal, A. H. (2024). Adopting ISO 9001: 2015 & ISO 21001: 2018 EOMS to the Sri Lankan Higher Educational Institutions: A Review of Literature. KDU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 6(1). Shahid, N., Asif, M., & Pasha, A. (2022). Effect of internet addiction on school going children. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 1(1), 13-55. Sustainability. (2024). Improving internal quality assurance in higher education: Slovak private university case study. Sustainability, 12(4), 31. https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6703/2/4/31 Wikipedia contributors. (2024, May). Lean higher education. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_higher_education Wikipedia contributors. (2025a, February). ISO 21001. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_21001 Wikipedia contributors. (2025b, March). ADRI. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADRI Wikipedia contributors. (2025c, January). Total quality management. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_quality_management

From April to July 2018, a data sample at the peak energy of the resonance was collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider. This is the first data sample of the Belle II experiment. Using Bhabha and digamma events, we measure the integrated luminosity of the data sample to be ( , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This work provides a basis for future luminosity measurements at Belle II.

The Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) was founded in 1964 on the initiative of the Heidelberg surgeon Prof. Dr. h.c. K. H. Bauer, who died in 1978 at the age of 86. It was constituted as a foundation of public law on the decision of the Government of the State of Baden-Württemberg. Since 1975, it has been one of the major national research institutions. On the basis of § 91 b of the German Basic Law, it is financed by the German Federal Government (Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology: 90%) and by the State of Baden-Württemberg (Ministry for Science and Research: 10%).KeywordsCancer Risk FactorTumor Cell RegulationCooperation UnitClinical Research GroupTemporary DivisionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Purpose This paper aims to examine the views of the global knowledge management (KM) community on the research area of KM and business performance and identify key future research themes. Design/methodology/approach An interview study spanning 222 informants in 38 countries was launched to collect data on KM expert views concerning the future research needs of the KM field. Findings The value contribution of KM requires more research despite experts agreeing on the complexities involved in solving this challenge. Further research areas identified were related to the influence of KM to support business strategy, intellectual capital, decision-making, knowledge sharing, organizational learning, innovation performance, productivity and competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications The sample is dominated by European-based KM experts and the self-selecting sampling approach that was used by relying on the networks of each partner could have biased the structure of this sample. Practical implications The recognition of the complexity to demonstrate the value contribution of KM could prevent practitioners from using over-simplified approaches and encourage them to use more advanced measurement approaches. Originality/value The paper is unique, in that it reports on the views of 222 KM experts from 38 countries representing both academia and practice, on the issue of future research needs in terms of KM and business outcomes. As such it provides valuable guidance for future studies in the KM field and related subjects.

This study aims to examine the place and future of the Knowledge Management (KM) discipline, in view of the claims of its decline. In doing so, we explored the meanings attributed by international KM experts regarding statements made about the death of the discipline, or at the very least, its illness. A case method was chosen. The study was conducted through fifteen semi‐structured in‐depth interviews, as part of the qualitative research paradigm. The findings provide evidence not only of the vitality of the field, but also of its significant growth and impressive evolutionary development since it was founded. The Findings section presents a snapshot of KM experts' perception of the source of the pessimistic statements about the discipline and offer significant insights into the question of where this field is going. We find that the future of KM lies in developing automated mechanisms for knowledge flow that rely on machine learning tools, artificial intelligence, and advanced cognitive capabilities. Furthermore, we ponder the possibility of a rebranding of KM, given the experts' feeling that narrow, partial, or misconceived conceptions about it are prevalent. The importance of this pioneering research is reflected in the adoption of a critical‐skeptical approach, which is almost completely absent from the KM literature. The uniqueness of this research is also reflected in the voices of KM professionals. In addition to the theoretical contribution, this study has implications on the practical level regarding the necessity of the KM profession and the necessity for further empirical research in the field.

The Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) was founded in 1964 on the initiative of the Heidelberg surgeon Prof. Dr. h.c. K. H. Bauer, who died in 1978 at the age of 86. It was constituted as a foundation of public law on the decision of the Government of the State of Baden-Württemberg. Since 1975, it has been one of the major research institutions. On the basis of § 91 b of the German Basic Law, it is financed by the German Federal Government (Ministry for Research and Technology: 90%) and by the State of Baden-Württemberg (Ministry for Science and Research: 10%).KeywordsCancer Risk FactorSearch GoalClinical Research GroupTemporary DivisionRadiological DiagnosticsThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Instances of sustained cooperative behaviour in humans can be considered as an adaptive strategy that enhances the probability of reaching a goal. This study investigates psychophysiological responses to cooperation in healthy subjects, while considering outcome and gender as potential moderators of these responses. Salivary cortisol levels (Csal), heart rate (HR), skin conductance level (SCL), nonspecific skin conductance responses (NSRs), and mood states were measured at different points before, during and after a Lego house-building task in undergraduate men (n = 22) and women (n = 20). Once the task was finished, the experimenter informed the participants about the outcome obtained (positive or negative). Cooperation produces an increase in HR, SCL, and NSR responses. When the outcome is positive it produces a gradual diminution in Csal levels, but when the outcome is negative there is a significant increase in Csal levels after the task followed by a progressive decrease. Men with positive outcomes showed a lower area under curve (AUC) in Csal than women with a negative outcome. Men had more NSR responses in all periods other than the rest period. Several mood states are differently affected by the combined effect of outcome and gender. Our laboratory results can be generalized to other situations in which negotiation, mediation, and cooperative strategies are relevant for taking decisions and/or solving problems. The authors wish to thank Dr Tinca Polderman and John Rawlins for the revision of the English text. This study was supported by the Ministry of Business, Research and Science of the Valencia Regional Government (GVPRE/2008/260, GVACOMP/2010/250, and PROMETEO/2011/048) and the Ministry of Science and Education of the Spanish Government (PSI2008-04408/PSIC).

Treatment of Optic Neuritis With Erythropoietin (TONE): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

The Impacts of Globalizations on Changes in Higher Education with Highlighting the Iran's Evolution of Higher Education Planning

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence from the experiences and the literature on organizational change and transformation to implement and sustain Lean higher education (LHE) initiatives designed to benefit the university, its employees, and the individuals it serves. Design/methodology/approach – The authors present organizational development literature and examples of success and challenges to better support the effective application of LHE. Findings – The authors address the importance of and techniques for first, assessing and improving institutional readiness; second, enhancing leadership awareness, understanding, and support for LHE; third, strategic planning, Lean leadership, and getting help for LHE; and fourth, facilitating an institution-wide transition to LHE. Originality/value – A structured, step-by-step approach offers practical guidance for implementing institution-wide Lean initiatives in HE.

Primary motor cortex deactivation as a new mechanism of motor inhibition in conversion paralysis.

PurposeThis study aims to give expression, for the first time, to the contemporary perceptions of knowledge management (KM) professionals regarding the technological layer in KM. From an organizational-holistic view, the authors strive to provide a deeper understanding of the position and role of technology in KM in knowledge-intensive organizations.Design/methodology/approachAs part of the adoption of the qualitative-constructivist paradigm, the research started with in-depth interviews and continued with focus groups. The data were collected from 21 KM experts and analyzed according to the thematic analysis method, based on the grounded theory.FindingsAlthough many hopes depend on technological tools, the authors learn why KM cannot be considered a purely information technology (IT)-based process. The study raises significant concern regarding the leadership of KM efforts by IT units, due to the possible lack of focus on strategic aspects supported by that support closing knowledge gaps. KM experts support technological changes and anticipate the introduction of automated mechanisms for knowledge flow processes.Originality/valueUnderstanding the technological component of KM provides a window of opportunity for the meanings ascribed by the professionals to the whole KM discipline. The results improve the understanding that the KM community should be required to be more aware of the business-organizational aspects for which the practice of KM in the organization is required, as well as the centrality of human resources in knowledge creation and sharing. Moreover, the paper provides a unique glimpse into the future of organizational KM.

Knowledge management (KM) is an emerging, interdisciplinary business model dealing with all aspects of knowledge within the context of the firm, including knowledge creation, codification, and sharing, and using these activities to promote learning and innovation. It encompasses both technological tools and organizational routines of which there are a number of components. These include generating new knowledge; acquiring valuable knowledge from outside sources; using this knowledge in decision making; embedding knowledge in processes, products, and/or services; coding information into documents, databases, and software; facilitating knowledge growth; transferring knowledge to other parts of the organization; and measuring the value of knowledge assets and/or the impact of knowledge management. Knowledge Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is the defining reference source for all theories, concepts, and methodologies within the KM discipline. This comprehensive, six-volume collection of research from an international body of KM experts includes chapters on Implementing Knowledge Management (KM) in Organizations; KM Systems Acceptance; KM Communication; Knowledge Representation; Knowledge Sharing; KM Success Models; Knowledge Ontology; and Operational KM. Encompassing over 300 chapters from more than 500 contributors drawn from the world s leading KM experts, this collection will provide libraries with the defining reference to the field and set the standard for all fundamental and emerging models within the discipline.