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Abstract
Investigations on heavy metals in water bodies are extremely important in a comprehensive assessment when the anthropogenic activities disturb the natural environment. The present paper studies the composition of Pb compounds in highly contaminated bottom sediments of a natural settling basin of a chemical plant at the Atamanskoye lake in the floodplain of the Seversky Donets River by sequential fractionation. The predominance of the residual Pb fraction, which is represented by layered silicates (hydromuscovite, montmorillonite, kaolinite) is shown. Organic matter and Fe-Mn (hydr)oxides also play an important role in metal interaction. High mobility of Pb is noted, which associated with imposing high environmental risks in the studied area.
Highlights
Large enterprises of the chemical industry exert great pressure on the environment through their emissions including gaseous, liquid, and solid wastes
Particular attention must be paid to floodplain landscapes, due to their position placed at the lower part of the cascade landscape-geochemical system to collect heavy metals [1, 2, 3]
Bottom sediments are considered to be an integral indicator of the man-caused load on the water body
Summary
Large enterprises of the chemical industry exert great pressure on the environment through their emissions including gaseous, liquid, and solid wastes. Despite organic pollutants undergoing degradation processes, metals are only capable of redistribution between the individual components of water systems and the environment; remaining in the environment. In this regard, particular attention must be paid to floodplain landscapes, due to their position placed at the lower part of the cascade landscape-geochemical system to collect heavy metals [1, 2, 3]. Bottom sediments are considered to be an integral indicator of the man-caused load on the water body In this case, bottom sediments are a kind of depot for heavy metals, keeping the long-term anthropogenic impact on the ecosystem. A change in the physicochemical equilibrium in aqueous solutions can provoke the secondary contamination of adjacent media, taking into account that the buffer capacity of bottom sediments (especially that of the upper layers) is limited
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