Leaching iron-containing substances from spent lithium battery cathode materials enables efficient degradation of tetracycline through advanced oxidation technology

The advanced oxidation technology of persulfate is a new type of advanced oxidation technology based on sulfate radicals. It has been a research hotspot in advanced oxidation processes in recent years. It has the advantages of strong oxidation, low cost and high efficiency, being environmentally friendly, safe and stable, with fast reaction speed, and is applied widely. Therefore, it has good development prospects in water treatment fields. This chapter mainly explores the application of persulfate advanced oxidation technology in areas other than sewage treatment, such as deep dewatering of sludge, activated carbon regeneration, contaminated soil remediation, waste gas treatment, metal recovery, and water quality analysis. Analyzing research progress predicts the future applicable areas and development prospects of advanced persulfate oxidation technology, enabling it to be better developed in the future to explore its widespread applications.

The incapability of conventional biological wastewater treatment to remove effectively biorecalcitrant and/or toxic pollutants, as well as the shortage of world water resources have promoted the research of more efficient and ecologically y friendly water treatment technologies. This thesis contributes to the development of a new hybrid technology combining advanced oxidation processes (AOP) and biological processes for the treatment of wastewater containing biorecalcitrant and toxic pollutants. In the proposed coupled system, AOP is applied exclusively as pre-treatment with the aim to modify the chemical structure of the pollutants to transform them into biodegradable intermediates. During this step partial mineralization of pollutant take place, and the subsequent biological treatment is applied to complete mineralization. This approach is viable from the economic and environmental point of view, and appears as an alternative to the drastic and/or inefficient single-step processes actually applied for the treatment of biorecalcitrant wastewater. This thesis is organized in 6 chapters and focuses on the degradation of a model biorecalcitrant pollutant: 5-amino-6-methyl-2-benzimidazolone (AMBI) an important precursor in the industrial production of dyes. In the first chapter, AOP and the concept of coupling AOP-biological process are introduced. An overview of studies which used a combination of photoassisted and biological degradation of organic contaminants in water was performed. Chapter 2 focuses on an exploratory study with some of the most representative AOP Thus sonochemical, electrochemical and photochemical oxidation processes were applied to degrade AMBI. The comparison of these AOP revealed that the iron photo-assisted processes are the most advantageous, and have an application potential in sunny regions. Chapter 3 focuses on the degradation of AMBI by means of the hν/Fe(III)/O2(air) and hν/ Fe(III)/H2O2 systems using an artificial irradiation source. The transformation of AMBI photoinduced by the Fe(III) in presence of both O2(from air) and H2O2 electron acceptors is studied. The effect of AMBI, Fe3+ and H2O2 concentration for the degradation of AMBI wastewater in the photo-Fenton process was discussed and optimal conditions were found. Chapter 4 focuses on coupling iron photoassisted process with a biological system at lab scale. Here a general strategy to develop combined photochemical and biological systems for biorecalcitrant wastewater treatment is proposed. Following this strategy, two kinds of combined systems were developed and tested using for the photocatalytic pretreatment hν/Fe3+/O2(air) or hν/Fe3+/H2O2 and in both cases fixed bed with activated sludge culture for the biological step. To replace relatively expensive artificial irradiation in photoassisted processes, the solar irradiation was applied. Chapter 5 illustrates the development and optimization at pilot scale, of a coupled solar-biological system for water treatment. The following points were taking into account: (i) the choice of the most appropriate solar collector and the most efficient photocatalytic system, (ii) the optimization of the photocatalytic system, (iii) the monitoring of the chemical and biological characteristics of photo-treated solution and (iv) the evaluation of the performances of the coupled solar-biological system for the treatment of real industrial wastewater containing AMBI. Results indicate that coupling solar-biological processes at pilot scale is an effective method to the treatment of non-biodegradable industrial pollutants such as AMBI. To overcome the problem of electricity supply for pumps used for the recirculation of wastewater in a coupled water detoxification process, chapter 6 proposes a new Hybrid Photocatalytic-Photovoltaic System (HPPS). HPPS is a device which allows simultaneously decontaminate water and convert solar energy into electricity. This ecological equipment (which is actually following a patent procedure at the EPFL) was designed, installed, and tested. The results show that the HPPS represents an autonomous and environmentally friendly method for this strategy of polluted water remediation.

The stress of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) discharging to water bodies and the environment due to increased industrialization has reduced the availability of clean water. This poses a potential health hazard to animals and human life because water contamination is a great issue to the climate, plants, humans, and aquatic habitats. Pharmaceutical compounds are quantified in concentrations ranging from ng/Lto μg/L in aquatic environments worldwide. According to (Alsubih et al., 2022), the concentrations of carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, Lutvastatin, ciprofloxacin, and lorazepam were 616–906 ng/L, 16,532–21635 ng/L, 694–2068 ng/L, 734–1178 ng/L, and 2742–3775 ng/L respectively.Protecting and preserving our environment must be well-driven by all sectors to sustain development. Various methods have been utilized to eliminate the emerging pollutants, such as adsorption and biological and advanced oxidation processes. These methods have their benefits and drawbacks in the removal of pharmaceuticals. Successful wastewater treatment can save the water bodies; integrating green initiatives into the main purposes of actor firms, combined with continually periodic awareness of the current and potential implications of environmental/water pollution, will play a major role in water conservation. This article reviews key publications on the adsorption, biological, and advanced oxidation processes used to remove pharmaceutical products from the aquatic environment. It also sheds light on the pharmaceutical adsorption capability of adsorption, biological and advanced oxidation methods, and their efficacy in pharmaceutical concentration removal. A research gap has been identified for researchers to explore in order to eliminate the problem associated with pharmaceutical wastes. Therefore, future study should focus on combining advanced oxidation and adsorption processes for an excellent way to eliminate pharmaceutical products, even at low concentrations. Biological processes should focus on ideal circumstances and microbial processes that enable the simultaneous removal of pharmaceutical compounds and the effects of diverse environments on removal efficiency.

Degradation of metoprolol by UV/sulfite as an advanced oxidation or reduction process: The significant role of oxygen

Mineralization of dichloromethane using solar-oxidation and activated TiO2: Pilot scale study

Bisphenols in water: Occurrence, effects, and mitigation strategies

Chapter 3 - Advanced Oxidation Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: An Overview

<p indent="0mm">With the advancement of technology and the progress of industrialization, water pollution has become a severe global issue that humanity must confront. Organic pollution in the environment is highly complex, having evolved from single-source contamination to composite pollution, with the affected areas continuously expanding. Additionally, organic pollutants have the ability to bioaccumulate, which allows them to magnify their carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects through the food chain. In current research on water pollutants, emerging contaminants (ECs) have been identified as posing risks to both the ecological environment and human health due to their characteristics, such as biotoxicity, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulation. Moreover, their presence has not yet been incorporated into environmental management. Therefore, to protect human health and the public environment, it is imperative to continue researching and developing efficient methods for the removal of ECs, such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been proven to degrade various emerging pollutants by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) with high oxidation potential. Current research mainly focuses on modifying the properties of catalysts to improve the degradation efficiency of emerging pollutants in AOPs. However, our previous works have found and proved the important role of molecular structure on affecting the degradation efficiencies and dominant ROS of contaminants in AOPs. Therefore, purposefully generating a large amount of a specific ROS based on the molecular structure characterization results of pollutants in actual wastewater is expected to significantly reduce engineering trial-and-error costs and improve the utilization efficiency of oxidants and reactive species. Based on our previous research results, this review summarizes the precise regulation methods and generating mechanisms of radicals, singlet oxygen and high-valent metals in the current advanced oxidation system. Firstly, the pivotal regulatory effects of non-metallic sulfides and natural polyphenols on the type and concentration of radicals are investigated. Furthermore, the role of single-atom catalysts in modulating the adsorption configurations of oxygen atoms within oxidants, the influence of catalysts on activation energy barriers, the synergistic interactions of dual active sites, the oxygen adsorption facilitated by oxygen vacancies, and the structural regulation of carbon materials in selectively generating singlet ¹O₂ are systematically reviewed. Finally, the regulatory effects of pH, the cooperative effects of chelating agents, anions, and catalyst structures on the selective generation of high-valent metals are comprehensively assessed. We also propose suggestions and prospects for current research on the ROS regulation, aiming to provide a reference for achieving precise oxidation of emerging pollutants. In subsequent research, the regulatory effects and mechanisms of multiple environmental factors, like pH and the co-existing anions, on radicals generation and transformation need to be comprehensively evaluated. Additionally, it is crucial to conduct an in-depth mechanisms analysis of the role of non-metal species on regulating ROS and reveal the corresponding key factors. Simultaneous degradation of multiple organic pollutants is more complex than treating a single pollutant, therefore the principle of multi free radicals combination regulation based on molecular structure characteristics to achieve efficient oxidation of various organic pollutants needs to be explored and verified in practice. For the treatment of real wastewater with complex components, deep learning can be employed to extract molecular structural features from the selective attack information of ROS toward target pollutants. Additionally, exploring the predictive performance of traditional machine learning models (ML) and ensemble models for the oxidative degradation of complex components in real wastewater, will enable the development of processes with precise oxidation functions. These efforts will lead to the formulation of technological solutions for the effective detoxification and environmental risks decrease of real wastewater with complex components.

The growing global demand for sustainable energy alternatives has spurred significant interest in biofuels derived from renewable lignocellulosic biomass. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising suite of pretreatment methods to overcome biomass recalcitrance, primarily by targeting lignin degradation while preserving cellulose and hemicellulose for efficient biofuel production. This review evaluates the effectiveness of various AOPs, including photocatalysis, Fenton reaction, wet air oxidation, ozonation, and electrochemical processes, highlighting their mechanisms, operational conditions, and benefits in biological and thermochemical conversion processes. While AOPs have routinely and successfully been applied to facilitate biological conversion processes, their role in thermochemical conversion has been scarcely studied. We compile key findings in this regard herein. The review also examines the independent and synergistic effects between AOPs and conventional pretreatment processes, i.e., acid, alkaline, organosolv, and hydrothermal pretreatments, regarding efficiency, environmental impact, and economic viability. The main findings of our review are that AOPs enhance enzymatic digestibility and reduce inhibitory byproducts in biological conversion processes, while lowering the severity of conversion conditions and reducing char formation in thermochemical conversion processes. The resultant effects of which are improved biomass conversion efficiency. The hybridisation of AOPs and conventional pretreatment shows very good promise in terms of biofuel yield. Additionally, we find that challenges of AOPs' scalability stem from high energy demands, expensive catalysts and complex reactor designs. The review concludes with an analysis of knowledge gaps, particularly in lignin structural understanding, and suggests pathways for optimising AOPs for large-scale applications. By addressing these gaps, AOPs hold potential for optimising biofuel production and contributing to a sustainable circular bioeconomy. • AOPs significantly improve biofuel yields during biological conversion by enhancing enzymatic digestibility and reducing inhibitory byproducts. • AOPs lower the severity of thermochemical conditions (e.g. pyrolysis temperature) and improve bio-oil quality by removing ash and alkali metals. • OPs and AOPs significantly improve biofuel yields by 30-122%, with AOPs and hybrid pretreatments showing the highest gains. • Scalability issues in ozonation due to mass transfer limitations can be addressed by advanced reactor designs (e.g., micro-/nanobubble generators, ribbon mixers). • Lignin depolymerisation efficiency depends on β-O-4 content, syringyl units, and free phenolic OH groups, which vary across biomass types. • Comprehensive life cycle assessments comparing AOPs and conventional methods in a biorefinery context are lacking, hindering fair sustainability assessments.

Unveiling the optical and molecular characteristics of aging microplastics derived dissolved organic matter transformed by UV/chlor(am)ine oxidation and its potential for disinfection byproducts formation

Pilot-scale evaluation of oxidant speciation, 1,4-dioxane degradation and disinfection byproduct formation during UV/hydrogen peroxide, UV/free chlorine and UV/chloramines advanced oxidation process treatment for potable reuse

Chloramines applied to control membrane biofouling in potable reuse trains pass through reverse osmosis membranes, such that downstream ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2 advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are de facto UV/H2O2-chloramine AOPs. Current models for UV/chloramine AOPs, which use inaccurate chloramine quantum yields and ignore the fate of •NH2, are unable to simultaneously predict the loss of chloramines and contaminants, such as 1,4-dioxane. This study determined quantum yields for NH2Cl (0.35) and NHCl2 (0.75). Incorporating these quantum yields and the formation from •NH2 of the radical scavengers, •NO and NO2-, was important for simultaneously modeling the loss of chloramines, H2O2, and 1,4-dioxane in the UV/H2O2-chloramine AOP. Although the level of radical production was higher for the UV/H2O2-chloramine AOP than for the UV/H2O2 AOP, the UV/H2O2 AOP was at least 2-fold more efficient with respect to 1,4-dioxane degradation, because chloramines efficiently scavenged radicals. At low chloramine concentrations, the UV/chloramine AOP efficiency increased with an increase in chloramine concentration, as the level of radical production increased relative to that of radical scavenging by the dissolved organic carbon in RO permeate. However, the efficiency leveled out at higher chloramine concentrations as radical scavenging by chloramines offset the increased level of radical production. The level of 1,4-dioxane degradation was ∼30-50% lower for the UV/chloramine AOP than for the UV/H2O2-chloramine AOP when the concentration of residual chloramines in RO permeate was ∼50 μM (3.3 mg/L as Cl2). Initial cost estimates indicate that the UV/chloramine AOP using the residual chloramines in RO permeate could be a cost-effective alternative to the current UV/H2O2-chloramine AOP in some cases, because the savings in reagent costs offset the ∼30-50% reduction in 1,4-dioxane degradation efficiency.

The paper industry is adopting zero liquid effluent technologies to reduce freshwater use and meet environmental regulations, which implies closure of water circuits and the progressive accumulation of pollutants that must be removed before water reuse and final wastewater discharge. The traditional water treatment technologies that are used in paper mills (such as dissolved air flotation or biological treatment) are not able to remove recalcitrant contaminants. Therefore, advanced water treatment technologies, such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), are being included in industrial wastewater treatment chains aiming to either improve water biodegradability or its final quality. A comprehensive review of the current state of the art regarding the use of AOPs for the treatment of the organic load of effluents from the paper industry is herein addressed considering mature and emerging treatments for a sustainable water use in this sector. Wastewater composition, which is highly dependent on the raw materials being used in the mills, the selected AOP itself, and its combination with other technologies, will determine the viability of the treatment. In general, all AOPs have been reported to achieve good organic removal efficiencies (COD removal >40%, and about an extra 20% if AOPs are combined with biological stages). Particularly, ozonation has been the most extensively reported and successfully implemented AOP at an industrial scale for effluent treatment or reuse within pulp and paper mills, although Fenton processes (photo-Fenton particularly) have actually addressed better oxidative results (COD removal ≈ 65-75%) at a lab scale, but still need further development at a large scale.

Recent advances in mechanistic insights into microplastics mitigation strategies via emerging advanced oxidation processes: Legislation, challenges, and future direction

Research Article| March 01 2011 Evaluation of parameters influencing removal efficiencies for organic contaminant degradation in advanced oxidation processes Julie R. Peller; Julie R. Peller 1Department of Chemistry, 3400 Broadway, Indiana University Northwest, Gary, IN 46408, USA Tel: 219-980-6744 Fax: 219-980-6673; E-mail: jpeller@iun.edu Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar William J. Cooper; William J. Cooper 2Urban Water Research Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 96297, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Kenneth P. Ishida; Kenneth P. Ishida 3Research and Development Department, Orange County Water District, Fountain Valley, CA 92708, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Stephen P. Mezyk Stephen P. Mezyk 4Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 90840, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2011) 60 (2): 69–78. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2011.024 Article history Received: May 19 2010 Accepted: October 18 2010 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Julie R. Peller, William J. Cooper, Kenneth P. Ishida, Stephen P. Mezyk; Evaluation of parameters influencing removal efficiencies for organic contaminant degradation in advanced oxidation processes. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 March 2011; 60 (2): 69–78. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2011.024 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Advanced oxidation processes, based on hydroxyl radical chemistry, can be used to successfully destroy chemical contaminants in waters intended for reuse. In determining the effectiveness of these radical oxidative degradations and transformations in water, both reaction rate constants and compound removal efficiencies must be considered. Removal efficiencies are defined as the number of contaminant molecules transformed per 100 hydroxyl radicals reacting. Hydroxyl radical reaction efficiencies have been determined for bisphenol A, caffeine, DEET, and sulfamethazine in different qualities of treated and model laboratory wastewaters. While these four contaminants show similar hydroxyl radical reaction rate constants, their removal efficiencies in deionized water varied significantly at 76±7, 92±8, 95±9, and 56±7%, respectively. Model wastewater studies showed that dissolved oxygen did not appreciably influence these values, and low levels of dissolved organic matter (DOM) reduced the removal efficiencies by an average of approximately 20%. However, the combination of solution alkalinity and DOM had a significant impact in reducing hydroxyl radical reaction efficiencies, although not always in a linear, additive, fashion. These results imply that the effective implementation of advanced oxidation technologies in wastewater treatments might be enhanced by prior removal of organics or alkalinity. advanced oxidation, bisphenol A, caffeine, DEET, removal efficiencies, sulfamethazine This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 2011 You do not currently have access to this content.