Abstract
In water-scarce areas, the reuse of (un)treated acid mine drainage (AMD) water for crop irrigation has become a requirement, but it also carries a wide range of contaminants that can elicit the synthesis of diverse metabolites necessary for the survival of the plants. There is still a paucity of studies on the impact of quicklime treated-AMD water on the metabolite synthesis of potatoes. This study examined the effect of the irrigation of two potato cultivars (Marykies and Royal cultivars) with quicklime-treated AMD water on their metabolite profiles. A greenhouse study was conducted with five experimental treatments with different solution ratios, replicated three times in a completely randomized design. A total of 40 and 36 metabolites from Marykies and Royal cultivars which include amino acids, organic acids, and aromatic amines were identified, respectively. The results revealed elevation in the abundance of metabolites under the irrigation with treated AMD water for both cultivars with subtle variations. This will provide information on the primary metabolite shifst in potato that enhance their survival and growth under AMD conditions. However, more specific data on toxicity due to AMD irrigation would be required for a refined risk assessment.
Highlights
Freshwater supply is one of the world’s biggest issues, with approximately one-third of the world’s drinking water coming from surface sources such as rivers, dams, lakes, and canals
This study elucidated the impact of acid mine drainage (AMD) and quicklime/fly ash-treated AMD on the spatial exudation and accumulation of metabolites at the tuber level of two potato cultivars
The results showed that the AMD and the treatments influenced the exudation and accumulation of metabolites in the tubers of the two cultivars, with subtle differences in exudation within the two cultivars
Summary
Freshwater supply is one of the world’s biggest issues, with approximately one-third of the world’s drinking water coming from surface sources such as rivers, dams, lakes, and canals. Acid mine drainage is one the major challenge affecting the availability of water both for domestic and agricultural uses. It is characterized by low levels of pH and high heavy metal concentrations [7,8]. Heavy metal exposure at hazardous levels, due to AMD water use in agriculture, causes a wide range of physiological and metabolic changes in plants [16]. Heavy metals reduce plant growth, biomass output, protein content, and chlorophyll pigment synthesis, and potentially resulting in significant crop yield reductions [17]. Irrigation with AMD water has been reported to have a direct impact on physiological performance in terms of the growth, metabolism, and reproduction of plants [25,26]
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