Abstract
Compared with the Ti–C system, the additions of metals (Fe, Al, and Cu) can increase the lattice parameter and stoichiometry of TiCx by forming metal–Ti intermediate phases (for C/Ti≤0.8). But for C/Ti>0.8, the Fe addition can decrease the lattice parameter and stoichiometry of TiCx by the formation of Fe–C solid solutions due to the hindrance of atom diffusion and the decrease of combustion temperature, while the additions of Al and Cu can increase them by the formation of Al–Ti and Cu–Ti solid solutions due to the dilution of Al and Cu.
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