Abstract
Thickness and distribution of Late- and Post-glacial sediments in an Eastern Jutland valley system have been mapped, and their sedimentogenetic and diagenetic relations have been studied. The chemical and sedimentological methods used are discussed in detail. Post-glacial marine sediments formed in a tidal fjord environment are the most important deposits in the area, and it is shown that river supplies of freshwater control the salinity of the environment and were responsible for the rather high content of allochthonous material in the sediment. The marine sediments rest on Late-glacial sand, whose surface topography indicates that the valleys were formed by subglacial erosion. Local occurrences of dead ice were present at least until the Littorina sea (Atlantic) transgression. Depth conditions for Early Post-glacial peat are used to estimate the groundwater level and the course of the river Gudenå in the Continental Period. Sedimentary facies in the Atlantic Littorina sea are discussed, including salinity, tidal activity, water depth, nutrient conditions, and exchange of stagnant bottom water from the deepest parts of the fjord area. The sequence seems to have been influenced only by minor syndiagenetic and weathering processes.With the intention of providing supplementary information to that obtained from mapping of the Post-glacial sediments of the region 161 electric soundings have been carried out in the Randers fjord area. The specific resistivity of the sediments has been determined and the principle limitations of the methods applied have been investigated. Interpretation of the electric soundings has been done using a new system of computer programs. Maps showing the thickness relationships and variations in specific resistivity in the uppermost, largely Post-glacial deposits in the area have been prepared, and a map showing the location of the surface of the Danian limestone and occurrence of Tertiary clay is also presented.
Highlights
The investigation of Late- and Post-glacial sediments in the Randers fjord area can be taken as a natural continuation of earlier research carried out in the Rosenholm depression (Villumsen 1973), where Late- and Post-glacial sediments from a freshwater basin were studied
The Post-glacial sediments Late-glacial outwash sand has been found. The morphology of this sand substratum supports the assumption that the area has been subjected to subglacial erosion
The deep depressions in the sand surface indicate occurrence of dead ice in the Late-glacial outwash period, and other observations show that the dead ice persisted for a long time during Post-glacial time
Summary
The investigation of Late- and Post-glacial sediments in the Randers fjord area can be taken as a natural continuation of earlier research carried out in the Rosenholm depression (Villumsen 1973), where Late- and Post-glacial sediments from a freshwater basin were studied. For some time during the Post-glacial time this area was covered by the Atlantic Littorina sea, and a study of the Late- and Post-glacial deposits from this area and a comparison with results from the Rosenholm study will permit interpretations of many different sedimentary facies in the transition zone from a pure freshwater to a marine environment. The investigation is divided into three main parts, namely: a geochemical and sedimentological study (by Arne Villumsen) a geoelectric investigation (by Holger Lykke Andersen), and a paleontological investigation (by Anne-Lise Lykke Andresen and Jytte Christensen). The present paper describes the results of the geochemical, sedimentological, and geoelectric investigations. The entire results of the paleontological study will be published at a later date
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